Table 4.
Reported drug therapies in children with JIIM within 6 months of illness onset
| Age at diagnosis |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| Drug exposure | JIIM (n = 285), n (%) | ≤7.5 years (n = 150), n (%) | >7.5 years (n = 135), n (%) |
| None | 237 (83) | 125 (83) | 112 (83) |
| No. of patients exposed | 48 (17) | 25 (17) | 23 (17) |
| No. of drug exposures | |||
| 1 | 38 (79) | 24 (96)* | 14 (61)* |
| 2 | 6 (13) | 0 (0)† | 6 (26)† |
| 3 | 4 (8) | 1 (4) | 3 (13) |
| Total | 62 | 27 | 35 |
| Type of druga | |||
| Potentially myopathic only | 3 (5) | 0 (0) | 3 (9) |
| Potentially photosensitizing only | 3 (5) | 0 (0) | 3 (9) |
| Potentially myopathic and photosensitizing | 11 (18) | 5 (19) | 6 (17) |
| Not myopathic or photosensitizing | 31 (50.0) | 13 (48) | 18 (51) |
| Unknown type | 14 (22) | 9 (33) | 5 (14) |
Conventions as per Table 2. Bold values represent P ≤ 0.05 after Holm’s adjustment for multiple comparisons (using family-wise error rates of 5%). aBased on total number of drug exposures, because some patients had >1 documented drug exposure. Potentially myopathic drugs included penicillin (n = 2) and ranitidine (n = 1) [28–31]. Potentially photosensitizing drugs included loratadine (n = 1), diphenhydramine (n = 1) and sertaline (n = 1) [26, 27]. Drugs classified as potentially both myopathic and photosensitizing included ibuprofen (n = 5), trimethroprim/sulphamethoxazole (n = 3), isoniazid (n = 2) and erythromycin–sulfisoxazole (n = 1). Drugs not known to be either myopathic or photosensitizing included amoxicillin (n = 4), cefaclor (n = 3), pseudoephedrine (n = 2), cetirizine (n = 1), albuterol inhaler (n = 1), flecainide (n = 1), bromopheniramine maleate (n = 1), nedocromil (n = 1), oxybutynin (n = 1), permethrin (n = 1), pyrethrine (n = 1), cantharidine (n = 1), cefadroxil (n = 1), acetaminophen (n = 1), streptomycin (n = 1), erythromycin (n = 1) and nystatin (n = 1). Drugs whose classification is unknown included unknown antibiotic (n = 10), birth control (n = 3) and anaesthetic (n = 1). *P = 0.004; OR 15.4; 95% CI 1.8, 135. †P = 0.008 ; OR 18.9; 95% CI 1.0, 358.