Table 1.

Indications and contraindications for TLM in malignant lesions

INDICATIONS

• Tumors amenable to conservation laryngeal surgery T1, T2, and selected T3 tumors

• Ability to adequately expose the larynx

• Palliative tumor debulking

CONTRAINDICATIONS

• Extensive tumors

○ Extralaryngeal tumor spread

○ Inability to preserve cricoid and one arytenoid

• Inadequate endoscopic access