Table 2.

Clinicopathological differences in measles-related CNS complications

	ADEM	MIBE	SSPE	Fulminant SSPE
Onset after primary infection	Days–weeks	1–7 months	6–10 years	1–6 months
Host	Immunocompetent	Immunosuppressed	Immunocompetent	Immunocompetent
Histology	Inflammation and demyelination, no viral inclusions	Inflammation minimal, viral inclusions++	Inflammation ++, viral inclusions ++	Inflammation ++, viral inclusions few
CSF	Elevated protein No MV antibodies	Normal with no MV antibodies	High titers of MV antibodies	High titers of MV antibodies
EEG	Nonspecific	Nonspecific	Characteristic periodic complexes	Similar to SSPE, can be atypical
MRI	Multifocal, essentially monomorphic signal changes in white and gray matter	Normal at presentation	Characteristic bilateral parietooccipital white matter signal changes among others	Similar to SSPE, can be atypical
Outcome	Monophasic, favorable	Fatal within 1–5 weeks	Fatal within 1–2 years	Fatal within 1–6 months

+, ++, +++ represents density of infl ammation and viral inclusions