Table 5.
Medications received within the population of all ED patients with low back pain related disorders.
| Medication | N | % (95%CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Opioid | 2481 | 61.7% (59.2, 64.2%) | |
| Hydrocodone | 1315 | 32.3% (30.0%, 34.6%) | |
| Oxycodone | 508 | 12.1% (10.3, 14.1%) | |
| Meperidine | 381 | 10.0% (8.7, 11.6%) | |
| Hydromorphone | 290 | 7.1% (5.8, 8.6%) | |
| Morphine | 253 | 6.4% (5.3, 7.6%) | |
| Propoxyphene | 165 | 4.9% (3.8, 6.1%) | |
| Codeine | 105 | 2.4% (1.8, 3.1%) | |
| Nalbuphine | 34 | 0.9% (0.5, 1.6%) | |
| Butorphanol | 26 | 0.8% (0.5, 1.4%) | |
| Methadone | 4 | 0.1% (0, 0.2%) | |
| Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory | 2066 | 49.5% (46.7, 52.3%) | |
| Skeletal muscle relaxant | 1704 | 42.8% (40.2, 45.4%) | |
| Benzodiazepine | 431 | 10.7% (9.3, 12.2%) | |
| Corticosteroid | 179 | 4.9% (3.9, 6.0%) | |
| Acetaminophen | 173 | 3.8% (3.0, 4.8%) | |
| Medication combinations | |||
| Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory + Skeletal muscle relaxant | 1056 | 26.2% (23.9, 28.7%) | |
| Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory + Opioid | 1042 | 25.9% (23.8, 28.1%) | |
| Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory + Benzodiazepine | 226 | 5.6% (4.6, 6.8%) | |
| Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory + Opioid + Skeletal muscle relaxant OR benzodiazepine |
603 | 15.5% (13.9, 17.3%) | |