Table II. Effect of antibodies against selected secreted human epididymal proteins located on the sperm tail on the values of kinematic parameters. Antibodies against HEL-S-89n (78 kDa glucose-regulated protein) located at the sperm neck and HEL-S-124m (Stress-70 protein, mitochondrial precursor) located in the midpiece, modify the kinematic parameters of capacitated spermatozoa compared with IgG-treated controls. VAP, averaged path velocity; VSL, rectilinear velocity; VCL, curvilinear velocity; ALH, amplitude of lateral head displacement; BCF, beat cross frequency; STR = VAP/VCL; LIN = VSC/VCL. *, within each row, significantly different from control. For each antibody, between 476 and 816 motile spermatozoa in total were assessed in either the control or experimental groups in five experiments.

Parameter	Control	HEL-S-89n	P	Control	HEL-S-124m	P
Total motility (%)	70.0 ± 12.8	60.0 ± 18.1	0.74	61.3 ± 4.0	39.7 ± 10.2	0.06
Progressive motility (%)	39.5 ± 14.6	31.8 ± 11.6*	0.02	28.3 ± 2.5	21.7 ± 8.0	0.27
VAP (μm/s)	67.8 ± 10.2	61.5 ± 10.5*	0.01	64.3 ± 9.1	49.0 ± 5.6	0.11
VSL (μm/s)	52.5 ± 10.2	47.3 ± 8.4*	0.02	47.0 ± 9.1	38.7 ± 5.7	0.21
VCL (μm/s)	132.0 ± 12.6	122.3 ± 3.5	0.07	128.3 ± 12.1	96.0 ± 13.2	0.12
ALH (μm)	6.3 ± 0.4	6.4 ± 0.4	0.71	6.3 ± 0.6	5.0 ± 0.7*	0.01
BCF (Hz)	25.8 ± 1.3	26.0 ± 2.2	0.76	26.3 ± 0.6	24.0 ± 2.0	0.12
STR (%)	77.8 ± 3.4	77.3 ± 3.1	0.64	74.7 ± 2.9	78.3 ± 3.2	0.09
LIN (%)	41.8 ± 4.5	41.5 ± 3.7	0.64	39.0 ± 1.7	41.7 ± 2.5	0.09