Abstract
We have designed and tested an integrated circuit that models human pitch perception. The chip receives as input a time-varying voltage corresponding to sound pressure at the ear and produces as output a map of perceived pitch. The chip is a physiological model; subcircuits on the chip correspond to known and proposed structures in the auditory system. Chip output approximates human performance in response to a variety of classical pitch-perception stimuli. The 125,000-transistor chip computes all outputs in real time by using analog continuous-time processing.
Full text
PDF




Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Batteau D. W. The role of the pinna in human localization. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1967 Aug 15;168(1011):158–180. doi: 10.1098/rspb.1967.0058. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Carr C. E., Konishi M. Axonal delay lines for time measurement in the owl's brainstem. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Nov;85(21):8311–8315. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.21.8311. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- DE BOER E. Pitch of inharmonic signals. Nature. 1956 Sep 8;178(4532):535–536. doi: 10.1038/178535a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dallos P. Response characteristics of mammalian cochlear hair cells. J Neurosci. 1985 Jun;5(6):1591–1608. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.05-06-01591.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Goldstein J. L. An optimum processor theory for the central formation of the pitch of complex tones. J Acoust Soc Am. 1973 Dec;54(6):1496–1516. doi: 10.1121/1.1914448. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kiang N. Y. Processing of speech by the auditory nervous system. J Acoust Soc Am. 1980 Sep;68(3):830–835. doi: 10.1121/1.384822. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- LICKLIDER J. C. R. A duplex theory of pitch perception. Experientia. 1951 Apr 15;7(4):128–134. doi: 10.1007/BF02156143. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rhode W. S. Observations of the vibration of the basilar membrane in squirrel monkeys using the Mössbauer technique. J Acoust Soc Am. 1971 Apr;49(4 Suppl):1218+–1218+. doi: 10.1121/1.1912485. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wightman F. L. The pattern-transformation model of pitch. J Acoust Soc Am. 1973 Aug;54(2):407–416. doi: 10.1121/1.1913592. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]