Table 1. Descriptive and inferential statistics calculated for 20-locus haplotypes on 282 J1-M267 Y chromosomes.
| Median TMRCA (95% CI) | Median Ne | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | %a | Mean pairwise difference (sum of size difference) | Mode | Rb | Pc | Constant size | Population growth | Constant size+population growth | |
| Metapopulation | |||||||||
| Dagestan Avars | 16 | 80.0 | 11.44±6.81 | 7 | 0.032 | 0.000 | |||
| Dagestan Chechens | 12 | 61.9 | 3.78±7.21 | 1 | 0.135 | ND | |||
| Dagestan Kubachians | 12 | 85.7 | 7.71±3.94 | 8 | 0.061 | 0.023 | 11 711 (8930–15 460) | 464 | |
| Dagestan Laks | 9 | 42.9 | 8.61±4.70 | 10 | 0.184 | 0.007 | |||
| Dagestan Tabasarans | 23 | 76.7 | 6.40±4.12 | 6 | 0.017 | 0.000 | |||
| Dagestan Tats | 13 | 65.0 | 9.26±7.21 | 1 | 0.026 | 0.000 | |||
| Tunisia | 18 | 30.1 | 3.93±2.83 | 1 | 0.019 | 0.002 | 6799 (4227–10 826) | ||
| Morocco | 10 | 10.0 | 3.98±2.32 | 5 | 0.023 | 0.063 | |||
| Iraq | 15 | 26.7 | 6.13±2.32 | 6 | 0.014 | ND | |||
| Qatar | 20 | 58.3 | 6.53±3.88 | 5 | 0.020 | 0.023 | 7201 (4553–12 220) | 7150 (6650–9650) | 477 |
| Arabic Sudanese | 26 | 74.3 | 5.51±2.46 | 5 | 0.016 | 0.021 | |||
| Oman | 20 | 29.9 | 10.38±6.18 | 11 | 0.024 | 0.000 | 12 319 (7762–19 063) | ||
| Italy (central) | 20 | 2.4 | 11.21±3.58 | 11 | 0.007 | 0.334 | 13 815 (10 742–18 413) | 2301 | |
| Italy (southern) | 7 | 5.3 | 10.29±3.18 | 11 | 0.023 | ND | |||
| Portugal | 23 | 3.8 | 11.34±3.94 | 14 | 0.011 | 0.006 | |||
| Ethiopia | 20 | 18.0 | 12.73±5.13 | 13 | 0.015 | 0.000 | |||
| Western Asia | 5 | 14.1 | 13.20±5.27 | 16 | 0.460 | ND | |||
| Southern Asia | 9 | 10.6 | 14.78±6.11 | 14 | 0.120 | 0.218 | |||
| Total J1-M267 | 282 | 22 537 (6643–47 439) | 6485 | ||||||
| Clade/motif | |||||||||
| Galilee | 56 | 18.4 | 4.07±2.19 | 4 | 0.018 | 0.001 | 5510 (3823–7747) | 5923 (3766–9672) | 250 |
| Dys388*17/YCAII*22-22 | 85 | 30.1 | 5.02±2.38 | 4 | 0.013 | 0.000 | 6280 (4762–7914) | 6113 (2587–11 138) | 314 |
| Palestinian | 4 | 1.4 | 4.00±3.69 | 17 | 0.306 | ND | |||
| Bedouin | 0 | 0.0 | |||||||
| Cohanim | 25 | 8.2 | 7.43±2.47 | 9 | 0.089 | ND | 6239 (4541–8647) | 266 | |
| Dys388*13 | 76 | 27.0 | 9.36±4.04 | 10 | 0.004 | 0.000 | 10 113 (5780–16 236) | 399 | |
| YCAIIa*19 | 30 | 10.6 | 13.17±4.65 | 10 | 0.012 | 0.000 | 10 949 (8624–14 741) | 556 | |
a
The frequency is referring either to the whole size of each population sample (for metapopulations) or the total of 282 J1 chromosomes (for motifs).
b
Raggedness index.11
c
probability values of the goodness-of-fit test between observed mismatch counts and those expected under a model of sudden expansion;12 ND: not determined for sample size too low or variance >mean.
Calculations for mismatch distributions, raggedness indexes and deviations from the Rogers' model were carried out by ARLEQUIN 2.0 (http://anthropologie.unige.ch/arlequin). Median TMRCAs and median effective sizes (Ne) were estimated by BATWING (http://www.mas.ncl.ac.uk/~nijw/) following the priors given in Supplementary Table S4.