Figure 8.

Quantitative comparison of nanoparticle binding in valve leaflets. The volume of nanoparticles (in nanoliters) bound to the valves was calculated from the ¹⁹F signal. The valves treated with α_νβ₃-targeted particles displayed three times higher signal compared to the nontargeted formulation and twice the signal of valves with competitive inhibition of α_νβ₃-integrin binding. Minimal nanoparticle deposition occurred in non-atherosclerotic animals treated with targeted nanoparticles due to the lack of angiogenesis in the valve. Reprinted with permission from Waters, et al [84].