Table 2.
Summary of meta-analysis findings for red and processed meat intake and prostate cancer.
| Model | # Studies | SRRE (95% CI) | P-Heterogeneity |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Meat | |||
| Total model (includes individual red meat items) | 15 | 1.00 (0.96-1.05) | 0.264 |
| Red meat specific variable only ("red meat" as a food group) | 11 | 0.98 (0.93-1.04) | 0.353 |
| Studies published during 2000-2009 | 10 | 0.99 (0.95-1.03) | 0.593 |
| Studies published prior to 2000 | 5 | 1.13 (0.92-1.37) | 0.108 |
| Studies that adjusted for at least three of the following factors: energy, smoking, family history of cancer, age, race | 9 | 0.99 (0.95-1.03) | 0.536 |
| Le Marchand removed (13 food item questionnaire) | 13 | 0.99 (0.95-1.03) | 0.401 |
| Gann removed (outlier study) | 13 | 0.99 (0.95-1.04) | 0.364 |
| Advanced prostate cancer | 8 | 1.01 (0.94-1.09) | 0.657 |
| 100 g increment (total prostate cancer)* | 9 | 1.00 (0.95-1.05) | 0.007 |
| 100 g increment (advanced cancer)* | 5 | 0.97 (0.91-1.02) | 0.571 |
| Processed Meat | |||
| Total model | 11 | 1.05 (0.99-1.12) | 0.088 |
| Michaud removed (data for metastatic prostate cancer only) | 10 | 1.04 (0.98-1.11) | 0.113 |
| Studies published during 2000-2009 [Note: these are also the studies that adjusted for at least three of the following factors: energy, smoking, family history of cancer, age, race] | 8 | 1.04 (0.97-1.11) | 0.085 |
| Studies published prior to 2000 [Note: these studies did not simultaneously adjust for three of the above factors] | 3 | 1.25 (1.00-1.54) | 0.705 |
| Advanced prostate cancer | 8 | 1.10 (0.95-1.27) | 0.032 |
| 30 g increment (total prostate cancer) | 10 | 1.02 (1.00-1.04) | 0.274 |
| 30 g increment (advanced cancer) | 6 | 1.01 (0.90-1.14) | 0.020 |
*Includes studies that reported data for a "red meat" group variable