Table 3.

staged intervention program based on theoretical model and empirically validated methods

Treatment Stage	Stage I		Stage II	Stage III
Goal in intervention program	- Alternative understanding of patient's behaviour - Optimization of working alliance		Clarification of and agreement over goals and tasks	Improvement of psychiatric and social functioning
Understanding from theoretical model	- Non-blaming attribution of behaviour by clinician increases chances of positive working alliance - Mutual clarification of expectations increases chances of mutually supported conceptualization of sick role		Active and mutual goal-setting by clinician and patient improve chances of patient's positive attribution and restoration of professional's belief in treatment	Practical and real help improves chances of patient's effective illness behaviour and professionals' effective behaviour
Empirically validated method	Team supervision & monitoring through feedback and report forms	Relationship management & motivational interviewing	Motivational interviewing & shared-decision making	Clinical case management & behavioural analysis