Table 3.
Multivariate Regression Results for Doctor and Office Staff Communication Composite Scores and Satisfaction with Health Care Global Scores for Hablamos Juntos Participants
| Doctor communication | Office staff communication | Satisfaction with health care | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient characteristics and interpreter need and use | β-Coefficient (SE) | β-Coefficient (SE) | β-Coefficient (SE) | |||
| Interpreter need and use | ||||||
| Did not need interpreter | REF | --- | REF | --- | REF | --- |
| Need interpreter, always available | 6.04‡ | (1.47) | 5.29‡ | (1.83) | 3.65† | (1.19) |
| Need interpreter, not available | -4.28‡ | (1.42) | -3.78* | (1.77) | -2.39* | (1.15) |
| Age | ||||||
| 18–29 years | REF | --- | REF | --- | REF | --- |
| 30–44 years | -0.04 | (1.24) | 0.82 | (1.54) | 0.63 | (1.00) |
| ≥45 years | 4.18‡ | (1.38) | 6.35‡ | (1.71) | 4.72‡ | (1.12) |
| Female | -1.89 | (1.31) | -0.12 | (1.62) | -2.24* | (1.06) |
| Married | -1.23 | (1.04) | -3.25* | (1.27) | -0.49 | (0.82) |
| Education (years completed) | ||||||
| ≥12 years | REF | --- | REF | --- | REF | --- |
| 7–11 years | 0.33 | (1.27) | -0.75 | (1.57) | 2.04* | (1.02) |
| 0–6 years | -0.09 | (1.28) | 2.09 | (1.59) | 2.12* | (1.04) |
| Family income for household size | ||||||
| Above the poverty level | REF | --- | REF | --- | REF | --- |
| 1/2 to at the poverty level | 0.81 | (1.46) | -2.06 | (1.64) | -0.14 | (1.04) |
| Less than half the poverty level | 1.96 | (1.37) | -2.14 | (1.84) | -0.28 | (1.11) |
| Insured | 2.90* | (1.11) | 1.10 | (1.38) | 1.08 | (0.89) |
| Self-rated health status | ||||||
| Excellent | REF | --- | REF | --- | REF | --- |
| Very good | -1.15 | (2.45) | -5.03 | (3.03) | -2.48 | (1.97) |
| Good | -3.07 | (2.10) | -1.29 | (2.59) | -5.01‡ | (1.68) |
| Fair | -5.13* | (2.05) | -5.26* | (2.53) | -6.86‡ | (1.64) |
| Poor | -12.78‡ | (2.57) | -8.52* | (3.18) | -12.87‡ | (2.08) |
| Predicted mean composite score | 87.18 | (SD = 5.95) | 83.30 | (SD = 6.00) | 88.99 | (SD = 4.54) |
*p < 0.05; †p < 0.01; ‡p < 0.001
REF = referent category
SD = standard deviation
Notes: (1) Model adjusted for survey wave (year) and site of care using random-effects models. A comparison with fixed effects found little difference in results, and both fixed effects and random effects models yielded consistent results under the Hausman-Wu test. We only report results from more efficient random effects models. (2) Poverty level was calculated using the US federal poverty guidelines (2002 and 2005).