Table 5.

Adjusted Hazard Ratios (and 95% Confidence Intervals) for Association of Placebo Adherence with Mortality and Incident Events in the SOLVD Prevention Trial

Outcome	Non-modifiable risk factorsa	Modifiable risk factorsb	All risk factorsc	Psychosocial measuresd	All covariatese
Mortality
Total mortality	0.54 (0.35, 0.81)	0.56 (0.36, 0.86)	0.57 (0.37, 0.89)	0.49 (0.31, 0.79)	0.52 (0.31, 0.86)
CVD	0.59 (0.37, 0.94)	0.60 (0.37, 0.96)	0.60 (0.37, 0.98)	0.53 (0.31, 0.88)	0.51 (0.30, 0.87)
Non-CVD	0.31 (0.11, 0.70)	0.37 (0.13, 1.05)	0.42 (0.14, 1.28)	0.31 (0.09, 1.04)	0.60 (0.13, 2.83)
CHD	0.49 (0.17, 1.39)	0.51 (0.18, 1.44)	0.50 (0.17, 1.44)	0.40 (0.14, 1.12)	0.38 (0.13, 1.14)
Morbidity
Incident CVD events (fatal and non-fatal)	0.70 (0.55, 0.88)	0.73 (0.58, 0.92)	0.71 (0.56, 0.90)	0.67 (0.51, 0.89)	0.67 (0.50, 0.89)
Incident CHD events (fatal and non-fatal)	0.65 (0.39, 1.08)	0.75 (0.45, 1.26)	0.69 (0.41, 1.16)	0.88 (0.45, 1.74)	0.87 (0.44, 1.74)

Legend:

CHD = Coronary heart disease

CVD = Cardiovascular disease

^aNon-modifiable risk factors: age, sex, race

^bModifiable risk factors: diabetes, alcohol, smoking, SBP, weight

^cAll risk factors: age, sex, race, diabetes, alcohol, smoking, SBP, weight

^dPsychosocial measures: education

^eAll covariates: all of the above

Significant differences (p < 0.05) indicated in bold type