APPENDIX.
Children’s ChronoType Questionnaire (CCTQ)
| Demographics: Please answer the following questions or choose the best answer. | |
|---|---|
| Individual completing the questionnaire: □ Mother □ Father □ Other_________ | |
| Today’s Date: ____/____/____ (day/month/year) | Child’s Sex: □ Male □ Female |
| Child’s Birth Date: ____/___/___ (day/month/year) Child’s Age: _______years |
Child’s Birth Order: _________ Is he/she an Only Child? □ Yes □ No |
| How many children are included in your nuclear family? ________ Do all children in your family have the same biological parents? □ Yes □ No | |
| Child’s current level of education: □ Preschool □ Kindergarten □ Grade ________ If he/she attends school, how many days/week? _________ |
□ Not attending school How many hours/day? _________ |
| Does he/she go to Day Care or After-School Care? If yes, how many days/week? __________ |
□ Yes □ No How many hours/day? __________ |
| Directions: The following questions ask about sleep/wake patterns during “Scheduled Days” in contrast to “Free Days”. Think about your child’s behavior during recent weeks when answering these questions. For questions with changing conditions (e.g., child goes to day care at 7:00am 1 day/week and 9:00am 3 days/week), fill in or select the most frequent or common answer. | |
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Scheduled Days Child’s sleep-wake pattern is directly influenced by individual or family activities (e.g., by school, day care, work, athletics etc.) | |
| On Scheduled Days, my child … | |
| 1. …wakes up at _____:_____ am | |
| 2. …regularly wakes up: □ by him/herself □ with help from a family member □ with an alarm clock | |
| 3. …gets up at ______:_____ am | |
| 4. …is fully awake by_____:_____ am | |
| 5. …takes regular naps: □ Yes □ No If yes, he/she naps ______ days/week. If no, why does he/she not nap? If yes, he/she sleeps for ____ minutes/nap. _____________________________ On nights before Scheduled Days… | |
| 6. …my child goes to bed (body in bed) at _____:_____pm | |
| 7. …my child is ready to fall asleep (lights turned out) at ______:_____ pm | |
| 8. …it takes him/her _____ minutes to fall asleep (after lights turned out). | |
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Free Days Child’s sleep/wake pattern is “free” from the influence of individual or family activities (e.g., by school, day care, work, athletics etc.) | |
| On Free Days, my child … | |
| 9. …normally wakes up at ____:____ am | |
| 10. …wakes at his/her normal time on scheduled days, but then goes back to sleep after waking: □ Yes □ No if yes, my child goes back to sleep for ___ minutes after waking. | |
| 11. …gets up by ____:____ am | |
| 12. …is fully awake by____:____ am | |
| 13. …takes regular naps: □ Yes □ No If yes, he/she naps ______ days per week. If no, why does he/she not nap? If yes, he/she sleeps for _____ minutes per nap. _________________________ | |
| On nights before Free Days… | |
| 14. …my child goes to bed (body in bed) at ____:____ pm | |
| 15. …my child is ready to fall asleep (lights turned out) at _____:_____ pm | |
| 16. …it takes him/her ______ minutes to fall asleep (after lights turned out). | |
| Directions: For each of the following questions, please select the answer that best describes your child. Make your judgments based on how the behavior of your child was in recent weeks. There are no “right” or “wrong” answers. | |
| 17. *If your child has to be awakened, how difficult do you find it to wake your child up in the morning? a. very difficult b. fairly difficult c. moderate difficult d. slightly difficult e. not at all difficult/my child has never to be awakened | |
| 18. *How alert is your child during the first half hour after having awakened in the morning? a. not at all alert b. slightly alert c. moderate alert d. fairly alert e. very alert | |
| 19. Considering your child’s “feeling best” rhythm, at what time would your child get up if he/she could decide by him/herself and if he/she were entirely free to plan the day (e.g., vacation)? a. prior to 6:30 am b. 06:30–7:14 am c. 7:15 – 9:29 am d. 9:30 – 10:14 am e. after 10:15 am | |
| 20. Considering your child’s “feeling best” rhythm, at what time would your child go to bed if he/she could decide by hirn/herself and if he/she were entirely free to plan the next day (e.g., weekend)? a. prior to 6:59 pm b. 7:00 – 7:59 pm c. 8:00–9:59 pm d. 10:00 – 10:59 pm e. after 11:00 pm | |
| 21. Let’s assume that your child has to be at peak performance for a test that will be mentally exhausting for 2 hours. Considering your child’s “feeling best” rhythm and that you are entirely free to plan your child’s day, which ONE of the three time intervals would you choose for the test? a. 7:00 – 11:00 am b. 11:00 am - 3:00 pm c. 3:00 – 8:00 pm | |
| 22. Let’s assume that you have decided to enroll your child in an athletic activity (e.g., swimming). The only class available meets twice a week at 7 to 8 am. How do you think he/she will perform? a. would be in very good form b. would be in good form c. would be in reasonable form d. would find it difficult e. would find it very difficult | |
| 23. At what time in the evening does your child seem tired and in need of sleep? a. prior to 6:30 pm b. 6:30 – 7:14 pm c. 7:15 – 9:29 pm d. 9:30–10:14pm e. after 10:15 pm | |
| 24. *If your child had to get up every day at 6 am, what do you think it would that be like for him/her? a. very difficult b. rather difficult c. moderate difficult d. a little difficult, but not a great problem e. not at all difficult | |
| 25. *If your child always had to go to bed at ________, what do you think it would be like for him/her? (for 2 years old: 06:00 pm; for 2 to 4 years old: 06:30 pm; for 4 to 8 years old: 07:00 pm; for 8 to 11 years old: 07:30 pm) a. very difficult b. rather difficult c. moderate difficult d. a little difficult, but not a great problem e. not at all difficult | |
| 26. When your child wakes up in the morning, how long does it take to be fully awake? a. 0 minutes (i.e., immediately) b. 1 to 4 minutes c. 5 to 10 minutes d. 11 to 20 minutes e. ≥ 21 minutes | |
| Directions: After answering the above questions, you may have a feeling which “Chronotype” or “Time-of-Day type” your child is. For example, if your child would like to sleep quite a bit longer on “Free Days” compared to “Scheduled Days” or if it is difficult for your child to get out of bed on Monday mornings, then he/she is more likely to be an Evening Type person (a “Night Owl”). If your child, however, regularly wakes up and feels perky once he/she gets out of bed, and your child prefers to go to bed rather early than late, then he/she is more likely a Morning Type person (a “Morning Lark”). Please categorize your child using one of the following choices. Please choose only one category! | |
| 27. My child is… □ Definitely a Morning Type □ Rather a Morning Type than an Evening Type □ Neither a Morning nor an Evening Type □ Rather an Evening Type than a Morning Type □ Definitely an Evening Type □ I do not know | |
The M/E score is derived by adding points from answers 17–26 (a=1, b=2, c=3, d=4, d=5), except as indicated by *, where point values has to be reversed.