(A) Thermal unfolding of Cry1Ab wild-type toxin. The toxin unfolds when the temperature is increased (•). When the temperature is decreased under the same conditions, the toxin remains in the unfolded state (▵). (B) Thermal unfolding of the V171C mutant (Tm = 63.45 ± 2.5°C), the L157C mutant (Tm = 70.40 ± 2.7°C), and wild-type Cry1Ab (Tm, = 70.52 ± 3.0) toxins. AU, absorbance units.