FIG. 10.

HO-1/CO roles in vascular diseases. HO-1/CO has been shown to have antiinflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antioxidant effects on various cell types and its functions are further proven in a number of animal disease models. HO-1/CO is intimately involved in the vascular disease. HO-1/CO increases EPC recruitment and proliferation as well as EC proliferation and survival. HO-1/CO reduces BP by inhibiting vasoconstriction. HO-1/CO enhances proliferation and survival of myocardiocytes and mesenchymal stem cells. ↑, increased; ↓, decreased; MSC, mesenchymal stem cell.