Table 2.

Average Annual DM Treatment Costs in US $ by Patient Clinical Characteristics and Health Care Provider in the UAE during 2004 (N = 150)

Patient Clinical Characteristics		N	% (95% C.I)	Mean $ Annual Cost	Std Deviation
Type of DM	insulin treated	55	43% (35.1-50.9)	6,778	6,651
	non insulin treated	94	57% (49.1-64.9)	3,995	4,941
Mode of Diagnosis	Incidental	36	13% (7.6-18.4)	8,055	7,276
	Screening	26	23% (16.3-29.7)	3,538	3,811
	Symptomatic	88	63% (55.3-70.7)	5,213	6,021
Family History of DM	Present	97	65.1% (57.4-72.8)	5,144	6,015
	Absent	52	34.8% (27.2-42.4)	4,319	5,978
Current health care provider	Primary Health Clinic	43	28.6% (21.3-35.9)	4,077	5,007
	Hospital Diabetes specialist	70	46.6% (38.6-54.6)	6,117	6,315
	Hospital ER	1	0.6% (-0.6-1.8)	16,923	0
	Private clinic	34	22.6% (15.9-29.3)	3,576	5,382
	Other health care provider	2	1(-0.5-2.5)	7,139	6,059
Duration of DM	<=5 yrs	40	26% (19.2-33.2)	3,004	3,946
	6 - 10 yrs	40	26% (19.2-33.2)	4,598	5,231
	11 - 20 yrs	60	40% (31.8-47.4)	6,191	6,605
	>=21 yrs	9	8% (3.7-12.5)	9,783	6,573