Table 1.
Use of oral contraceptive (OC) at recruitment among all women and menopausal hormone therapy (HRT) among peri- and post-menopausal women in the EPIC cohort by country
| Characteristic | All (n=276,451) |
Denmark (n=29,320) |
Germany (n=28,481) |
Italy (n=31,519) |
Netherlands (n=27,168) |
Norway (n=35,941) |
Spain (n=25,356) |
UK (n=56,357) |
Greece (n=15,396) |
Sweden (n=26,913) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Meningioma cases | 194 | 28 | 15 | 18 | 16 | 43 | 16 | 23 | 4 | 31 |
| Glioma cases | 193 | 41 | 12 | 18 | 24 | 12 | 15 | 43 | 4 | 24 |
| Among all women | ||||||||||
| OC ever use % | ||||||||||
| Yes | 55.9 | 57.6 | 80.8 | 40.4 | 72.7 | 64.1 | 42.1 | 64.9 | 9.6 | 38.8 |
| No | 40.6 | 41.3 | 19.0 | 58.1 | 26.7 | 35.9 | 57.8 | 31.9 | 89.8 | 36.6 |
| Unknown | 3.5 | 1.1 | 0.2 | 1.5 | 0.6 | 0 | 0.1 | 3.2 | 0.6 | 24.7 |
| Nulliparous (%) | 12.8 | 8.8 | 11.2 | 10.2 | 19.8 | 8.5 | 9.6 | 27.6 | 6.8 | 7.4 |
| Mean age at first pregnancy (SD)* |
24.8 (4.4) | 23.7 (4.2) | 24.3 (4.4) | 25.8 (4.3) | 25.4 (4.2) | 24.1 (4.5) | 24.6 (3.9) | 25.9 (4.7) | 24.2 (4.7) | 24.7 (4.5) |
| Mean age at menarche (SD) |
13.1 (1.6) | 13.6 (1.6) | 13.2 (1.5) | 12.5 (1.5) | 13.3 (1.6) | 13.3 (1.4) | 12.9 (1.6) | 12.9 (1.6) | 13.2 (1.7) | 13.5 (1.5) |
| Hysterectomy (%) | 10.2 | 14.8 | 15.0 | 8.9 | 17.4 | 4.7 | 8.4 | 12.5 | 8.2 | -- |
|
Among all post or peri-
menopausal women |
(n=174,134) | (n=27,209) | (n=15,267) | (n=19,135) | (n=18,157) | (n=23,311) | (n=11,772) | (n=28,977) | (n=9,736) | (n=20,570) |
| Mean age at menopause (SD) † |
48.7 (4.8) | 49.0 (4.9) | 49.5 (3.3) | 49.0 (4.3) | 48.5 (5.1) | 47.7 (4.0) | 48.0 (4.7) | 48.3 (5.5) | 47.9 (5.2) | 49.2 (4.6) |
| HT ever use, % | ||||||||||
| Yes | 34.2 | 46.7 | 55.4 | 23.9 | 26.1 | 45.3 | 18.7 | 38.3 | 6.8 | 22.5 |
| No | 58.3 | 51.4 | 36.3 | 74.3 | 72.6 | 54.7 | 80.1 | 56.9 | 92.7 | 33.9 |
| Unknown | 7.4 | 1.9 | 8.3 | 1.8 | 1.3 | 0 | 1.2 | 4.9 | 0.5 | 43.6 |
| Among ever HT users | (n=62,092) | (n=12,709) | (n=8,455) | (n=4,583) | (n=4,739) | (n=10,562) | (n=2,195) | (n=11,087 | (n=662) | (n=4,637) |
| Status of use | ||||||||||
| Current | 66.6 | 65.5 | 77.9 | 44.8 | 51.5 | 79.8 | 55.2 | 67.8 | 32.5 | 63.2 |
| Past | 29.1 | 34.4 | 22.1 | 54.4 | 44.6 | 8.0 | 43.8 | 30.6 | 67.4 | 18.5 |
| Unknown | 4.3 | 0.03 | 0 | 0.8 | 3.9 | 12.2 | 1.0 | 1.6 | 0.1 | 18.3 |
*
Among parous women
†
Among natural postmenopausal women