Table 3.

Factors and factor loading of the 7-item resilience scale

Item	Factors and item statements	Eigenvalue	Variance explained (%)	Factor loading
Factor 1: self-approval, calmness and no loneliness		1.65	23.6%
1	I don’t feel the older I get, the more useless I am	—	—	0.61
3	I don’t often feel fearful or anxious	—	—	0.77
4	I don’t often feel lonely or isolated			0.79
Factor 2: close relationship with family and friends		1.33	19.0%
5	I talk frequently to family members or friends in daily life	—	—	0.79
6	when I have problems, I can turn to my family or friends for help	—	—	0.79
Factor 3: optimism and control of own life		1.05	15.0%
2	I always look on the bright side of things	—	—	0.45
7	I can make my own decisions concerning my personal affairs	—	—	0.87