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. 2010 Oct 5;6:417. doi: 10.1038/msb.2010.71

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Copyright © 2010, EMBO and Macmillan Publishers Limited

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial No Derivative Works 3.0 Unported License, which permits distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This license does not permit commercial exploitation or the creation of derivative works without specific permission.

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Schematic summary of experimental findings. In addition to exogenous growth factors (FLT3LG, KITL, and THPO in our cultures), stem cell output is regulated by secreted factor-mediated cell–cell interactions. An antagonistic axis of intercellular communication is established, wherein culture-derived monocytes secrete high levels of factors (CCL3, CCL4, CXCL10, TGFB2, and TNSFS9), which inhibit stem cell self-renewal, whereas culture-derived megakaryocytes secrete high levels of factors (EGF, PDGFB, VEGF, and serotonin (5HT1)), which stimulate stem cell self-renewal, functioning as a coupled positive and negative intercellular feedback circuit.