Table 2.
Change in fatigue by sociodemographic characteristics and health status before retirement, estimated with generalised estimating equations models
| Pre-retirement characteristics* | No (%) | Odds ratios (95% CI) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Change in risk of mental fatigue over time | Change in risk of physical fatigue over time | |||||||
| Year −1 v year −7 | Year +1 v year −1 | Year +7 v year +1 | Year −1 v year −7 | Year +1 v year −1 | Year +7 v year +1 | |||
| Sex: | P<0.0001† | P=0.1006† | ||||||
| Male | 11 246 (80) | 1.00 (0.94 to 1.06) | 0.18 (0.16 to 0.20) | 1.48 (1.32 to 1.66) | 1.14 (1.07 to 1.22) | 0.29 (0.26 to 0.32) | 1.51 (1.35 to 1.69) | |
| Female | 2858 (20) | 1.06 (0.95 to 1.18) | 0.24 (0.21 to 0.28) | 1.56 (1.30 to 1.88) | 1.16 (1.03 to 1.30) | 0.24 (0.21 to 0.27) | 1.45 (1.20 to 1.76) | |
| Age at retirement: | P<0.0001† | P<0.0001† | ||||||
| <55 years | 5348 (38) | 1.08 (1.00 to 1.18) | 0.15 (0.14 to 0.17) | 1.54 (1.33 to 1.79) | 1.13 (1.02 to 1.24) | 0.22 (0.20 to 0.25) | 1.61 (1.38 to 1.88) | |
| 55 years | 4653 (33) | 1.05 (0.97 to 1.15) | 0.20 (0.18 to 0.23) | 1.52 (1.29 to 1.80) | 1.27 (1.15 to 1.41) | 0.28 (0.24 to 0.32) | 1.50 (1.27 to 1.77) | |
| >55 years | 1654 (12) | 0.83 (0.76 to 0.91) | 0.25 (0.22 to 0.29) | 1.30 (1.07 to 1.59) | 0.99 (0.89 to 1.09) | 0.35 (0.31 to 0.40) | 1.28 (1.06 to 1.54) | |
| Employment grade: | P<0.0001† | P=0.0446† | ||||||
| Higher | 4781 (34) | 0.85 (0.78 to 0.92) | 0.19 (0.17 to 0.22) | 1.28 (1.07 to 1.52) | 1.02 (0.93 to 1.13) | 0.29 (0.25 to 0.33) | 1.36 (1.14 to 1.63) | |
| Intermediate | 7654 (54) | 1.07 (1.00 to 1.15) | 0.19 (0.17 to 0.21) | 1.56 (1.37 to 1.77) | 1.14 (1.06 to 1.24) | 0.27 (0.24 to 0.30) | 1.60 (1.38 to 1.78) | |
| Lower | 1654 (12) | 1.26 (1.08 to 1.46) | 0.21 (0.17 to 0.26) | 1.47 (1.12 to 1.92) | 1.26 (1.06 to 1.48) | 0.26 (0.21 to 0.31) | 1.22 (0.85 to 1.48) | |
| Marital status: | P=0.0061† | P=0.2746† | ||||||
| Not married/cohabitating | 1511 (11) | 0.87 (0.75 to 1.01) | 0.27 (0.22 to 0.33) | 1.57 (1.22 to 2.01) | 1.14 (0.97 to 1.34) | 0.29 (0.24 to 0.36) | 1.48 (1.14 to 1.93) | |
| Married or cohabitating | 12 589 (89) | 1.03 (0.97 to 1.08) | 0.19 (0.17 to 0.20) | 1.47 (1.32 to 1.63) | 1.13 (1.06 to 1.21) | 0.27 (0.25 to 0.29) | 1.47 (1.32 to 1.63) | |
| Respiratory disease‡: | P=0.0994† | P=0.5701† | ||||||
| No | 12 334 (87) | 1.03 (0.97 to 1.09) | 0.19 (0.17 to 0.21) | 1.48 (1.33 to 1.64) | 1.16 (1.08 to 1.24) | 0.27 (0.25 to 0.29) | 1.47 (1.32 to 1.64) | |
| Yes | 1770 (13) | 0.88 (0.77 to 1.00) | 0.22 (0.18 to 0.27) | 1.44 (1.14 to 1.82) | 1.02 (0.88 to 1.17) | 0.30 (0.25 to 0.36) | 1.40 (1.12 to 1.77) | |
| Diabetes‡: | P=0.0620† | P=0.1940† | ||||||
| No | 13 487 (96) | 1.01 (0.96 to 1.07) | 0.19 (0.18 to 0.21) | 1.48 (1.34 to 1.64) | 1.13 (1.06 to 1.20) | 0.27 (0.25 to 0.29) | 1.47 (1.32 to 1.62) | |
| Yes | 617 (4) | 0.86 (0.69 to 1.06) | 0.25 (0.19 to 0.34) | 1.27 (0.87 to 1.85) | 1.10 (0.85 to 1.41) | 0.35 (0.27 to 0.47) | 1.35 (0.97 to 1.89) | |
| Coronary heart disease/stroke‡: | P=0.5428† | P=0.1233† | ||||||
| No | 13 651 (97) | 0.99 (0.94 to 1.05) | 0.20 (0.18 to 0.21) | 1.49 (1.35 to 1.65) | 1.11 (1.04 to 1.18) | 0.28 (0.26 to 0.30) | 1.48 (1.34 to 1.64) | |
| Yes | 453 (3) | 1.39 (1.07 to 1.81) | 0.17 (0.12 to 0.25) | 1.00 (0.61 to 1.66) | 1.67 (1.27 to 2.20) | 0.24 (0.18 to 0.33) | 1.10 (0.71 to 1.71) | |
| Any chronic disease‡§: | P=0.3106† | P=0.2685† | ||||||
| No | 11 475 (81) | 1.03 (0.97 to 1.09) | 0.19 (0.17 to 0.20) | 1.52 (1.36 to 1.70) | 1.15 (1.08 to 1.24) | 0.27 (0.24 to 0.29) | 1.50 (1.34 to 1.69) | |
| Yes, at least one | 2629 (19) | 0.93 (0.83 to 1.03) | 0.22 (0.19 to 0.25) | 1.33 (1.10 to 1.62) | 1.07 (0.95 to 1.21) | 0.30 (0.26 to 0.34) | 1.36 (1.13 to 1.64) | |
*Assessed at year −1 unless stated otherwise.
†Test of difference in fatigue trajectory across whole observation window (from year −7 to year +7) between groups (men v women, age <55 v 55 v >55 at retirement, and so on); P value is for interaction term “group*year.”
‡Reported in any of years –7 to –1 in relation to retirement.
§Respiratory disease, diabetes, or coronary heart disease/stroke.