Table 2.

Characteristics of Cnc and Bach transcription factors.

Family member	Expression regulated through ARE	Inhibition by Keap1	Dimerization with small Maf	Soluble or TM	Localization under basal conditions	Effect of ER stress	Effect of oxidative stress	Transcriptional activity	Function in development
p45 NFE2	Not known	No	yes	Soluble	Nucleus of hematopoietic cells	Not known	Not known	Activator	Megakar-yopoiesis in mouse
Nrf1	Not known	No	yes	TM	ER	Inhibition	Activation	Activator	Erythropoiesis in mouse
Nrf2	Yes	Yes	Yes	Soluble	Cytosol and mitochondria	Activation	Activation	Activator	Not required
Nrf3	Not known	No	Yes	TM	ER	Activation	Activation	Activator	Not required
Nrf1 truncated isoform	Derived from same transcript as full-length Nrf1	No	Yes	Soluble	Nucleus	Not known	None	Repressor; lacks transcripttion activation domain	None known
Caspase-cleaved Nrf2	Cleavage fragment of full length Nrf2	No	Not known; retains bZip domain	Soluble	Nucleus; formed during apoptosis	Not known	Not known	Repressor; lacks transcripttion activation domain	None known
Bach1	Yes	No	Yes	Soluble	Nucleus	Not known	Nuclear export	Repressor (Activator?)	Not required
Bach 2	Not known	No	Yes	Soluble	Cytoplasm	Not known	Nuclear import	Repressor	Not required
SKN-1	Not known	No	No	Soluble	Cytoplasm	Not known	Activation	Activator	Digestive system development of worm
CncA	Not known	No	Not known	Soluble	Not known	Not known	Not known	None known; lacks transcripttion activation domain	None known
CncB	Not known	No	Yes	Soluble	Nucleus	Not known	Not known	Activator	Labral and mandibular segments of fly head
CncC	Not known	Yes	Not known	Not known	Not known	Not known	Activation	Activator	Required for viability; function unknown

^*ARE, antioxidant response element; TM, transmembrane; ER, endoplasmic reticulum