Table 1.
Demographics, treatment and outcome of the patient population
| Age/sex | Fracture type (AO) | Open (G&A) | Non-union location | Non-union type | Time from injury to index surgery (months) | Graft | F.U. (months) | Elbow flex/ext | Forearm pro/sup | Wrist flex/ext | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36M | A1 | Ulna | Hypertrophic | 5 | 31 | 140/0 | 80/80 | 70/80 | Excellent | ||
| 45M | A1 | Ulna | Hypertrophic | 10 | 15 | 140/0 | 40/40 | 70/80 | Satisfactory | ||
| 16F | A1 | Ulna | Hypertrophic | 312 | Olecranon | 146 | 120/−15 | 30/80 | 70/80 | Satisfactory | |
| 66F | A1 | Ulna | Hypertrophic | 9 | 13 | 140/0 | 80/80 | 70/80 | Excellent | ||
| 28M | A1 | Ulna | Hypertrophic | 3 | 12 | 130/0 | 40/80 | 70/80 | Excellent | ||
| 38M | A1 | Ulna | Hypertrophic | 6 | 94 | 130/0 | 80/80 | 70/80 | Excellent | ||
| 35M | A2 | Radius | Hypertrophic | 5 | 72 | 140/0 | 80/80 | 70/80 | Excellent | ||
| 28M | A3 | Radius | Oligotrophic | 16 | 22 | 140/0 | 40/60 | 40/65 | Unsatisfactory | ||
| 50M | A3 | Grade 1 | Radius1 | Oligotrophic | 2 | 13 | 140/0 | 70/70 | 70/80 | Excellent | |
| 28M | A3 | Grade 1 | Radius | Oligotrophic | 6 | ICBG | 248 | 140/0 | 80/80 | 70/80 | Excellent |
| 38F | A3 | Radius | Atrophic | 26 | ICBG | 15 | 140/0 | 40/80 | 70/80 | Excellent | |
| 45M | A3 | Ulna | Hypertrophic | 34 | ICBG | 55 | 140/0 | 80/80 | 70/80 | Excellent | |
| 34F | A3 | Ulna | Oligotrophic | 45 | ICBG | 84 | 140/0 | 80/80 | 70/80 | Excellent | |
| 20M | A3 | Ulna | Oligotrophic | 20 | ICBG | 34 | 140/−10 | 70/60 | 70/80 | Excellent | |
| 50M | A3 | Grade 1 | Ulna1 | Oligotrophic | 2 | 13 | 140/0 | 70/70 | 70/80 | Excellent | |
| 70M | B1 (Galeazzi) | Radius | Oligotrophic | 12 | ICBG | 12 | 140/0 | 80/80 | Near full | Excellent | |
| 50M | B1 (Monteggia) | Ulna | Hypertrophic | 7 | ICBG | 70 | 140/0 | 60/60 | 60/50 | Unsatisfactory | |
| 41F | B1 | Ulna | Hypertrophic | 4 | 13 | 140/0 | 80/80 | 70/80 | Excellent | ||
| 61M | B1 (Monteggia) | Ulna | Oligotrophic | 13 | ICBG | 32 | 140/0 | 80/80 | 70/80 | Excellent | |
| 42M | B1 (Monteggia) | Ulna | Oligotrophic | 5 | Olecranon | 12 | 140/0 | 80/80 | 70/80 | Excellent | |
| 39F | B1 | Ulna | Oligotrophic | 3 | 91 | 140/0 | 80/80 | 70/80 | Excellent | ||
| 33F | B1 | Ulna | Oligotrophic | 30 | ICBG block | 21 | 140/0 | 80/80 | 70/80 | Excellent | |
| 18M | B1 | Ulna | Oligotrophic | 6 | ICBG | 295 | 140/0 | 70/30 | N/A | Satisfactory | |
| 36M | B1 | Ulna | Oligotrophic | 2 | 55 | 140/0 | 80/80 | 70/80 | Excellent | ||
| 40M | B1 (Monteggia) | Grade 1 | Ulna | Oligotrophic | 5 | ICBG | 156 | 140/0 | 80/50 | 70/80 | Excellent |
| 35M | B1 | Grade 1 | Ulna | Oligotrophic | 7 | 13 | 140/0 | 80/80 | 70/80 | Excellent | |
| 19M | B1 (Monteggia) | Grade 3A | Ulna | Oligotrophic | 12 | ICBG | 63 | Limited | Limited | Limited | Unsatisfactory |
| 28M | B1 | Open, grade N/A | Ulna | Oligotrophic | 5 | ICBG | 177 | 140/0 | 80/80 | 70/80 | Excellent |
| 63M | B2 | Radius | Oligotrophic | 3 | ICBG block | 52 | 140/0 | 45/0 | 45/15 | Unsatisfactory | |
| 46M | B2 | Radius | Oligotrophic | 7 | ICBG block | 315 | 140/0 | 80/30 | 70/80 | Satisfactory | |
| 24M | B2 (Galeazzi) | Grade 2 | Radius | Oligotrophic | 4 | ICBG block | 25 | 140/0 | 80/80 | 70/80 | Excellent |
| 28M | B2 | Grade 3A | Radius | Oligotrophic | 5 | ICBG | 40 | N/A | 45/0 | Poor | Unsatisfactory |
| 21F | B3 | Radius | Hypertrophic | 7 | Olecranon | 93 | 140/0 | 80/80 | 70/80 | Excellent | |
| 16M | B3 | Grade 3A | Radius2 | Hypertrophic | 5 | ICBG | 108 | 140/−5 | 45/0 | 15/10 | Unsatisfactory |
| 20F | B3 | Radius | Oligotrophic | 68 | ICBG | 174 | 140/0 | 80/50 | 70/80 | Excellent | |
| 37M | B3 | Radius | Oligotrophic | 6 | ICBG | 310 | 140/0 | 80/80 | 70/80 | Excellent | |
| 76F | B3 | Radius | Oligotrophic | 3 | Radius | 26 | 140/0 | 40/70 | 40/40 | Unsatisfactory | |
| 23M | B3 | Grade 3A | Radius3 | Oligotrophic | 3 | ICBG | 84 | 140/0 | 65/70 | 75/50 | Satisfactory |
| 38M | B3 | Grade 2 | Radius4 | Atrophic | 5 | ICBG | 113 | 130/0 | 20/45 | N/A | Unsatisfactory |
| 16M | B3 | Grade 3A | Ulna2 | Hypertrophic | 5 | ICBG | 108 | 140/−5 | 45/0 | 15/10 | Unsatisfactory |
| 30M | B3 | Ulna | Oligotrophic | 14 | Olecranon | 24 | 140/0 | 50/60 | N/A | Excellent | |
| 49F | B3 | Ulna | Oligotrophic | 4 | Olecranon | 20 | 140/0 | 80/40 | 70/80 | Excellent | |
| 22M | B3 | Ulna | Oligotrophic | 10 | Olecranon | 98 | 140/0 | 80/80 | 70/80 | Excellent | |
| 50M | B3 | Grade 2 | Ulna | Oligotrophic | 12 | ICBG | 13 | 140/0 | 40/40 | 70/80 | Satisfactory |
| 23M | B3 | Grade 3A | Ulna3 | Oligotrophic | 3 | ICBG | 84 | 140/0 | 65/70 | 75/50 | Satisfactory |
| 38M | B3 | Grade 2 | Ulna4 | Atrophic | 5 | ICBG | 25 | 130/0 | 45/0 | 15/30 | Unsatisfactory |
| 53M | C1 | Radius | Oligotrophic | 3 | ICBG | 24 | 140/0 | 70/45 | 90/75 | Satisfactory | |
| 21M | C1 | Ulna | Oligotrophic | 6 | Vascularized fibula | 114 | 140/0 | 0/80 | 70/90 | Satisfactory | |
| 47M | C1 | Ulna | Atrophic | 27 | ICBG | 30 | 120/−50 | 25/25 | 70/80 | Unsatisfactory | |
| 65F | C2 | Grade 1 | Radius | Oligotrophic | 7 | Olecranon | 30 | 140/0 | 80/60 | 70/80 | Excellent |
| 31M | C2 | Grade 3A | Radius | Oligotrophic | 6 | 32 | 140/0 | 45/40 | 80/15 | Unsatisfactory |
AO Müller AO classification of fractures, G&A Gustillo and Anderson classification of open wound fractures, F.U. follow-up time, 1234 both bone non-union, ICBG iliac crest bone graft