Table 2.
Comparison of plasma cytokine levels in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) based on onset of symptoms. Children who were ASD and regressed (n=40) are compared with ASD children with no regression (n=53) as based on definitions determined using ADI-R. (Note in n=4 subjects clinical regression could not be determined). Data are presented as median and interquartile ranges.
| Typically Developing | Autism spectrum disorders | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| No-Regression | Regression | ||
| IL-1β | 62.8 (15-148.8) | 61 (15-241.8) | 144.3*‡ (64.6-353.3) |
| IL-2 | 8 (6-83.9) | 17.7 (6-63.7) | 19.3 (6-114.4) |
| IL-4 | 36.7 (16.8-83.3) | 28.8 (14.9-65.3) | 39.4 (27.3-79.3) |
| IL-5 | 9.8 (3-17.1) | 9.2 (3-12.5) | 11.5 (5.1-19.4) |
| IL-6 | 11.8 (3-29.2) | 15.1 (3-34.7) | 32.6* (14.2-62.5) |
| IL-8 | 3.9 (3-10.6) | 6.8*(3-23.7) | 14.5* (3.7-21.7) |
| IL-10 | 16.4 (5-38.8) | 7.5 (5-25.9) | 15.6 (5-34.66) |
| IL-12 p40 | 171.7 (125.6-241.7) | 192.3* (160.4-272.7) | 198.6* (155-255.7) |
| IL-13 | 20.9 (11.5-36.1) | 14.1 (10-40.1) | 29.4 (13.4-40.1) |
| GM-CSF | 54.2 (15-92.8) | 51.3 (15.4-81.2) | 101.2*‡ (45.8-133.4) |
| IFNγ | 62.8 (23.4-172.5) | 51.2 (16.8-135.9) | 94.1 (45.4-194.6) |
| TNFα | 63.9 (20.7-128.1) | 56.2 (26.3-136.8) | 111.1 (43.2-208.8) |
*
p<0.05 compared with typically developing controls;
‡
p<0.05 compared with no-regression autism spectrum disorder children.