Table 4.
Incidence of the seven most frequently observed cancers in the MACS during the HAART era vs. pre-HAART era, stratified by HIV status.
| Number of incident cancers | Cancer incidence in the HAART era vs. the pre-HAART era |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-HAART era (1984–1995) |
HAART era (1996–2007) |
Adjusted IRR | Exact 95% CI | ||
| AIDS-defining malignancies | |||||
| Kaposi’s Sarcoma | |||||
| HIV positive | 514 | 38 | 0.13 | (0.09, 0.18) | |
| HIV negative | 1 | 1 | 0.95 | (0.01, 106.91) | |
| Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma | |||||
| HIV positive | 161 | 33 | 0.23 | (0.15, 0.35) | |
| HIV negative | 1 | 5 | 3.39 | (0.33, 182.18) | |
| Non AIDS-defining malignancies | |||||
| Anus | |||||
| HIV positive | 3 | 12 | 5.84 | (1.24, 38.90) | |
| HIV negative | 1 | 1 | 0.42 | (0.01, 32.82) | |
| Hodgkin’s lymphoma | |||||
| HIV positive | 6 | 3 | 0.75 | (0.09, 4.89) | |
| HIV negative 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | (0, 642.91) | |
| Lung 2 | |||||
| HIV positive | 6 | 3 | 0.42 | (0.06, 2.29) | |
| HIV negative | 5 | 1 | 0.19 | (0.004, 2.01) | |
| Melanoma | |||||
| HIV positive | 6 | 3 | 0.40 | (0.05, 2.41) | |
| HIV negative | 3 | 4 | 1.18 | (0.16, 9.37) | |
| Prostate | |||||
| HIV positive | 2 | 10 | 1.72 | (0.33, 17.44) | |
| HIV negative | 5 | 20 | 2.10 | (0.74,7.40) | |
Abbreviations:
IRR: Incidence rate ratio
CI: Confidence interval
Adjusted IRRs significantly different from 1 are shown in BOLD.
1
When no incident cancers were observed during the HAART era, both the IRR and the lower bound of the exact 95% CI are reported as zero.
2
The Poisson regression models for lung cancer were restricted to the 2261 HIV-infected and 2039 HIV-uninfected men who reported having ever smoked cigarettes and were adjusted for age, race, and pack-years.