Table 5.
Incidence of the seven most frequently observed cancers in the MACS during the HAART era by HIV status
| Cancer incidence among HIV infected vs. uninfected MACS participants | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIV-infected | HIV-uninfected | HIV-infected vs. HIV-uninfected | ||||
| N | IR | N | IR | Adjusted IRR | Exact 95% CI | |
| AIDS-defining malignancies | ||||||
| Kaposi’s sarcoma | 38 | 327.1 | 1 | 6.3 | 54.93 | (9.11, 2243.97) |
| Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma | 33 | 274.9 | 5 | 31.7 | 11.18 | (4.24, 37.30) |
| Non AIDS-defining malignancies | ||||||
| Anus | 12 | 99.3 | 1 | 6.3 | 18.50 | (2.57, 823.04) |
| Hodgkin’s lymphoma 1 | 3 | 24.8 | 0 | 0 | INF | (0.57, INF) |
| Lung 2 | 3 | 24.8 | 1 | 6.3 | 5.98 | (0.47, 320.86) |
| Melanoma | 3 | 24.8 | 4 | 25.4 | 1.85 | (0.25, 12.24) |
| Prostate | 10 | 82.9 | 20 | 127.5 | 1.09 | (0.44, 2.53) |
Abbreviations:
HIV: Human immunodeficiency virus
N: Number of incident cancers
IR: Incidence rate per 100,000 person-years
IRR: Incidence rate ratio
CI: Confidence interval
Adjusted IRRs significantly different from 1 are shown in BOLD.
When no incident cancers were observed among the HIV-uninfected group, the IRR involves division by zero and results in an undefined parameter estimate which we represent with INF (infinity). In these cases the upper bound of the exact 95% CI is unbounded.
The Poisson regression model for lung cancer was restricted to the 2522 men with follow-up during the HAART era who reported having ever smoked cigarettes and was adjusted for age, race, and pack-years.