Table 1. Subject Characteristics (N=1342).
| Characteristic | Arrive via EMS (N=695) |
Arrive Independent of EMS (N=647) |
|---|---|---|
| Age, years (median, IQR) | 74 (65, 82) | 70 (65, 78) |
| Gender, Female | 358 (52%) | 343 (53%) |
| Race | ||
| White | 566 (81%) | 522 (81%) |
| Black | 85 (12%) | 105 (16%) |
| Other / Unknown / No Answer | 44 (7%) | 20 (3%) |
| Ethnicity | ||
| Hispanic | 9 (1%) | 4 (1%) |
| Not Hispanic | 650 (94%) | 625 (97%) |
| Unknown / No Answer | 36 (5%) | 18 (3%) |
| Current Marital Status | ||
| Single, never married | 63 (9%) | 56 (9%) |
| Married | 327 (47%) | 342 (53%) |
| Widowed | 192 (28%) | 157 (24%) |
| Divorced / Separated | 81 (12%) | 79 (12%) |
| Unknown / No Answer | 32 (5%) | 13 (2%) |
| Education* | ||
| >High School Diploma | 327 (47%) | 334 (52%) |
| High School Diploma or Less | 333 (48%) | 299 (46%) |
| Unknown / No Answer | 35 (5%) | 14 (2%) |
| Current Living Arrangements* | ||
| Own Home / Apartment | 602 (87%) | 615 (95%) |
| Assisted Living | 52 (7%) | 15 (2%) |
| Other / Unknown / No Answer | 41 (6%) | 17 (3%) |
| Self- or Medical Record-Reported History of: | ||
| Depression* | 130 (19%) | 93 (14%) |
| Dementia * | 32 (5%) | 16 (2%) |
| Self- or Medical Record-Reported Medications (if known) for: | ||
| Depression* | 182 (26%) | 141 (22%) |
| Dementia | 21 (3%) | 16 (2%) |
| ED Use in Past 3 Months | 203 (29%) | 194 (30%) |
| Hospitalized in Past 3 Months | 162 (23%) | 140 (22%) |
| Emergency Severity Index Score* | ||
| 1 | 17 (2%) | 5 (0.8%) |
| 2 | 309 (44%) | 287 (44%) |
| 3 | 341 (49%) | 309 (48%) |
| 4 | 27 (4%) | 43 (7%) |
| 5 | 1 (0.1%) | 3 (0.5%) |
| Chief Complaints (top 10 categories)* | ||
| Cardiovascular | 140 (20%) | 117 (18%) |
| Gastrointestinal (includes abdominal pain) | 73 (10%) | 141 (22%) |
| Muscular/skeletal (non-fall) | 98 (14%) | 63 (10%) |
| Respiratory | 59 (8%) | 51 (8%) |
| General Illness / Possible Infection | 49 (7%) | 64 (10%) |
| Fall | 64 (9%) | 20 (3%) |
| Neurological | 40 (6%) | 45 (7%) |
| Dizzy / Near-syncope / Syncope | 64 (9%) | 25 (4%) |
| Pain | 25 (4%) | 32 (5%) |
| Abnormal Lab Test | 16 (2%) | 16 (2%) |
| Disposition from ED* | ||
| Discharged Home From ED / ED Observation Unit | 427 (61%) | 424 (66%) |
| Admitted, Inpatient Unit | 237 (34%) | 208 (32%) |
| Admitted, Intensive Care Unit | 20 (2.9%) | 14 (2.2%) |
| Other / Unknown | 11 (1.6%) | 1 (0.2%) |
| ED Anxiety (GAD-7) | ||
| Anxious, ≥10 points | 74 (11%)a | 58 (9%)b |
| Score (median, IQR) | 2 (0, 5)a | 2 (0, 5)b |
| ED Delirium (Confusion Assessment Method) | ||
| Delirious | 5 (0.7%) | 3 (0.5%) |
*
p<0.05,
a
N=678,
b
N=638