Table 4.
Intra and Postoperative Characteristics according to Development of AKI
| Characteristic | No AKI (n=256) | AKI (n=68) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| CABG surgery, n (%) | 105 (41.0) | 31 (45.6) | 0.50 |
| On-pump surgery, n (%) | 224 (87.5) | 59 (86.8) | 0.87 |
| CPB time, min (among CPB patients) | 123±51 | 142±90 | 0.33 |
| Cross-clamp time, min (among subjects undergoing aortic cross-clamp) | 93±40 | 102±53 | 0.54 |
| Aprotinin use, n (%) | 14 (5.5) | 4 (6.0) | 0.87 |
| Intraoperative coronary catheterization, n (%) | 15 (5.9) | 5 (7.5) | 0.63 |
| Inotropic use, n (%) | 101 (39.5) | 24 (35.3) | 0.53 |
| Norepinephrine use, intraoperative, n (%) | 208 (81.1) | 54 (79.1) | 0.71 |
| Mean blood pressure, intraoperative, mmHg* | 74±14 | 71±13 | 0.10 |
| Time to extubation, hours | 13.9±37.4 | 18.3±30.3 | 0.37 |
| Transfusion, intraoperative, units | |||
| Packed red blood cells | 1.2±1.9 | 1.2±2.4 | 0.58 |
| Fresh frozen plasma | 0.5±1.3 | 1.1±3.3 | 0.28 |
| Pooled Platelets (5-pack) | 0.14±0.45 | 0.26±0.68 | 0.15 |
| Surgical Re-exploration, n (%) | 7 (2.7) | 5 (7.4) | 0.07 |
| Packed red blood cell transfusion, postop, units | 0.9±2.1 | 1.7±4.1 | 0.03 |
| Diuretic use, day of surgery or postop day 1, n (%) | 33 (12.9) | 12 (17.6) | 0.31 |
| Fluid balance, day of surgery, liters | +0.5±1.1 | +0.6±1.0 | 0.50 |
| Fluid balance, postop day 1, liters | −0.6±1.3 | −0.5+1.3 | 0.51 |
| Norepinephrine use, postop day 1, n (%) | 94 (36.6) | 39 (57.1) | 0.003 |
| Mean blood pressure, postop day 1, mmHg | 75±10 | 70±10 | 0.002 |
| CVP, postop day 1, mmHg | 10±5 | 12±5 | 0.01 |
*
following protamine administration.
CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CPB, cardiopulmonary bypass; CVP, central venous pressure; postop, postoperative.