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. 2010 Sep 17;59(12):3208–3215. doi: 10.2337/db10-0552

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© 2010 by the American Diabetes Association.

Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details.

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FIG. 6. — ICAM-1 (A), VEGF (B), TNF-α (C), and iNOS (D) mRNA levels in retina of Ren-2 rats after 4 weeks of diabetes. Retinal ICAM-1, VEGF, TNF-α, and iNOS mRNA levels are increased in diabetic Ren-2 rats compared with nondiabetic control. In diabetic Ren-2 rats, Cand reduced both retinal ICAM-1 (A) and VEGF mRNA (B) to the level of nondiabetic controls, with TNF-α (C) and iNOS mRNA (D) decreasing to below control levels. For panels A, B, and D, data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni post hoc tests. *P < 0.05 versus nondiabetic control. †P < 0.05 versus diabetic control. For panel C, data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis tests followed by Mann-Whitney U tests. *P < 0.02 versus nondiabetic control. †P < 0.0001 versus diabetic control. N = 8–13 animals/group. Values are mean ± SEM.