. 2010 Aug 19;299(5):G1068–G1077. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00249.2010

Table 1.

Physical and biochemical characteristics of SF, mHF, and mHFB

	SF	mHF	mHFB
Body wt, g	27.7 ± 0.4^a ^b	33.5 ± 1.4^a	32.1 ± 0.5^b
Liver wt, g	1.4 ± 0.03^a ^b	2.0 ± 0.1^a	2.1 ± 0.08^b
Liver wt/body wt, %	4.92 ± 0.14^a ^b	6.29 ± 0.18^a	6.56 ± 0.26^b
Visceral fat wt, g	0.30 ± 0.03^a ^b	1.40 ± 0.1^a ^c	0.70 ± 0.08^b ^c
ALT, IU/ml	43.3 ± 5.4^a	54.5 ± 3.5^a ^c	44.5 ± 2.0^c
Total pathology score	0.8 ± 0.4^a	3.5 ± 0.6^a ^c	0.7 ± 0.4^c
Fasting serum insulin, mg/dl^d	0.24 ± 0.02^a ^b	0.62 ± 0.1^a ^c	0.33 ± 0.02^b ^c
Fasting serum glucose, mg/dl^d	120.6 ± 4.1^a	158.8 ± 7.1b^a ^c	129.2 ± 5.0^c
Fasting serum triglyceride, mg/dl^e	128 ± 12^a ^b	184 ± 18.9^a ^c	151 ± 9.5^b ^c
Fasting serum cholesterol, mg/dl^e	122 ± 19^a ^b	171.2 ± 14^a ^c	110 ± 16^b ^c
Liver triglyceride, mg/g liver	80.33 ± 18.2^a ^b	161.50 ± 16.2^a ^c	101.42 ± 11.3^b ^c
Liver glycogen, %	1.25 ± 0.5^b	1.29 ± 0.4^c	2.82 ± 0.5b^c
Fasting liver SAM, nmol/g liver^e		34.71 ± 4.6^c	49.44 ± 4.0^c
Fasting liver SAH, nmol/g liver^e		65.0 ± 4.8	72.4 ± 6.6

Values are means ± SE; n = 10 per group.

Standard-fat diet (SF) vs. moderately high-fat diet (mHF);

SF vs. mHF with betaine added to drinking water (mHFB);

mHF vs. mHFB =P < 0.05;

fasting insulin and fasting glucose were measured 2 wk before euthanasia;

fasting triglyceride, cholesterol, S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) were measured at the end of the experiment (n = 5 per group). ALT, alanine aminotransferase.