Fig. 4.

Identification of PXR activator(s) in SF aqueous extract. DPX2 cells were incubated for 24 h with individual chemicals identified from SF aqueous extract. Results are shown as the fold induction of luciferase activity over the vehicle control. A, effect of individual chemicals (10 μM) on PXR activation. These chemicals were identified in SF aqueous extract. Rifampicin served as a positive control for PXR activation. The data are presented as mean ± S.D. (n = 3; *, p < 0.05 versus control). B, concentration-dependent PXR activation in DPX2 cells by N-methylcytisine. The data are presented as means (n = 3 at each concentration).