Table 3.

Cardiac Sources and Embolic Risk

High risk	Low or uncertain risk
Atrial	Interatrial septal abnormalities
- Atrial fibrillation	- Patent Foramen Ovale
- Atrial flutter	-Atrial-septal aneurysm
- Sick sinus syndrome
- Left atrial thrombus	Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation
Valvular	Spontaneous echo contrast (“smoke”)
- Mitral valve stenosis
- Prosthetic cardiac valve	Mitral valve prolapse
- Left ventricular thrombus	Mitral annular calcification
- Acute myocardial infarction	Aortic valve sclerosis/stenosis
- Dilated cardiomyopathy
	Valvular strands
Vegetations
- Infective endocarditis
- Marantic endocarditis
Complex aortic arch atheroma
Tumours
- Myxoma
- Papillary fibroellastoma
- Mestastasic tumours