Fig. 2.

ALK5 inhibition reduces tumor formation but enhances malignant conversion. (A) A significant reduction in tumor formation was observed at weeks 9–25 in mice treated with TPA + SB compared with TPA alone. (B) A significant decrease in tumor volume with SB treatment was observed at weeks 15, 17 and 21. Average volumes were determined from measurements of length × width × height using a digital micrometer. (C) Increased frequency of malignant conversion with SB treatment. Percent conversion was determined by dividing the total number of SCC that formed during the course of the study by the maximum number of papillomas.