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. 2010 Sep 8;83(6):1056–1063. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.110.085787

FIG. 3.

FIG. 3.

Quantitative expression of Dnmt3l, Stra8, and Sycp3 genes in the germ cells cultured with RA. A–C) Gene expression in male germ cells isolated at 13.5 dpc and cultured with or without RA for 2, 4, and 6 days. Dnmt3l expression was drastically decreased in the cells cultured with RA. In contrast, Stra8 and Sycp3 expressions were increased in the presence of RA, peaking at 2 and 4 days of culture, respectively. D–F) Gene expression in male germ cells isolated at 14.5 dpc and cultured with or without RA for 1, 3, and 5 days. G–I) Gene expression in male germ cells isolated at 15.5 dpc and cultured with or without RA for 2 and 4 days. Dnmt3l (A, D, and G), Stra8 (B, E, and H), Sycp3 (C, F, and I) gene expression patterns at different stages are shown. Each column represents the mean of three to five replicate experiments. Error bars show the SEM. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001) between the RA-negative control (RA [−] Single) and RA-treated samples or between RA-treated single cells (RA [+] Single) and RA-treated clumped cells (RA [+] Clumped) in each culture group.