Table 4.
Prostate-specific Cox proportional hazard models, unadjusted and propensity score (PS) adjusted*
| Variable label | Unadjusted |
PS adjusted (IPTW) |
PS adjusted (SMRW) |
|||
| HR (95% CI) | P† | HR (95% CI) | P† | HR (95% CI) | P† | |
| Conservative management vs radical prostatectomy | 1.593 (1.267 to 2.003) | <.001 | 1.599 (1.396 to 1.831) | <.001 | 1.389 (1.098 to 1.757) | .006 |
| Age at diagnosis 70–74 vs 66–69 y | 1.546 (1.265 to 1.89) | <.001 | 1.578 (1.378 to 1.806) | <.001 | 1.574 (1.232 to 2.01) | <.001 |
| Black non-Hispanic vs white non-Hispanic | 1.023 (0.749 to 1.397) | .887 | 1.225 (0.998 to 1.504) | .052 | 1.336 (0.999 to 1.788) | .051 |
| Hispanic vs white non-Hispanic | 1.057 (0.712 to 1.57) | .783 | 0.993 (0.75 to 1.314) | .960 | 1.237 (0.77 to 1.99) | .379 |
| Other race vs white non-Hispanic | 0.505 (0.29 to 0.881) | .016 | 0.435 (0.286 to 0.661) | <.001 | 0.472 (0.247 to 0.902) | .023 |
| Married vs single | 0.829 (0.662 to 1.038) | .102 | 0.85 (0.729 to 0.991) | .038 | 0.844 (0.663 to 1.074) | .168 |
| Stage T2 vs T1 | 1.265 (1.037 to 1.543) | .021 | 1.38 (1.206 to 1.581) | <.001 | 1.181 (0.932 to 1.498) | .169 |
| Grade moderately differentiated vs well differentiated | 1.929 (1.116 to 3.335) | .019 | 2.184 (1.463 to 3.262) | .001 | 2.469 (1.327 to 4.593) | .004 |
| Grade poorly differentiated vs well differentiated | 8.953 (5.167 to 15.516) | <.001 | 10.376 (6.942 to 15.51) | <.001 | 10.017 (5.317 to 18.873) | <.001 |
| Grade unknown vs well differentiated | 4.441 (2.26 to 8.728) | <.001 | 5.487 (3.385 to 8.895) | <.001 | 5.984 (3.037 to 11.791) | <.001 |
| NCI comorbidity index of 0 vs unknown | 0.417 (0.227 to 0.766) | .005 | 0.342 (0.234 to 0.501) | <.001 | 0.344 (0.186 to 0.634) | <.001 |
| NCI comorbidity index of 1 vs unknown | 0.447 (0.225 to 0.89) | .022 | 0.292 (0.186 to 0.457) | <.001 | 0.285 (0.133 to 0.611) | .001 |
| NCI comorbidity index of ≥2 vs unknown | 0.681 (0.347 to 1.335) | .263 | 0.451 (0.292 to 0.696) | <.001 | 0.47 (0.229 to 0.966) | .040 |
| Inflation-adjusted reimbursement in the year before diagnosis (2003 prices) | 1 (1 to 1) | .148 | 1 (1 to 1) | <.001 | 1 (1 to 1) | .210 |
| Any inpatient, outpatient, or carrier claims in year before diagnosis vs no claims | 1.572 (0.823 to 2.999) | .170 | 1.995 (1.32 to 3.014) | .001 | 1.956 (1.043 to 3.666) | .036 |
| Diagnosed in 1997 vs 1996 | 1.256 (0.938 to 1.682) | .126 | 1.475 (1.202 to 1.81) | <.001 | 1.492 (1.048 to 2.125) | .026 |
| Diagnosed in 1998 vs 1996 | 0.739 (0.512 to 1.068) | .108 | 0.763 (0.59 to 0.987) | .039 | 1.056 (0.698 to 1.599) | .797 |
| Diagnosed in 1999 vs 1996 | 0.777 (0.524 to 1.15) | .207 | 0.918 (0.706 to 1.194) | .523 | 0.709 (0.422 to 1.191) | .194 |
| Diagnosed in 2000 vs 1996 | 0.999 (0.666 to 1.498) | .996 | 1.051 (0.798 to 1.383) | .723 | 1.165 (0.717 to 1.894) | .538 |
| Diagnosed in 2001 vs 1996 | 0.645 (0.429 to 0.971) | .036 | 0.661 (0.502 to 0.871) | .003 | 0.742 (0.454 to 1.212) | .234 |
| Diagnosed in 2002 vs 1996 | 0.964 (0.643 to 1.445) | .858 | 0.983 (0.745 to 1.298) | .905 | 1.069 (0.648 to 1.763) | .795 |
| Diagnosed in 2003 vs 1996 | 0.586 (0.348 to 0.987) | .045 | 0.67 (0.477 to 0.942) | .021 | 0.712 (0.379 to 1.335) | .289 |
*
CI = confidence interval; HR = hazard ratio; IPTW = Inverse probability of treatment weights; NCI = National Cancer Institute; SMRW = standardized mortality ratio weights.
†
A two-sided Wald χ2 test was used.