Table 3.
Unadjusted incidence rates of colorectal cancer for men on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist therapy, after orchiectomy, or with no androgen deprivation, stratified by patient and prostate cancer characteristics
| Characteristic | Incidence rate of colorectal cancer per 1000 person-years (95% CI) |
||
| No androgen deprivation | GnRH agonist therapy | Orchiectomy | |
| Total | 3.7 (3.5 to 3.9) | 4.4 (4.0 to 4.9) | 6.3 (5.3 to 7.5) |
| Age, y | |||
| 67–69 | 3.0 (2.6 to 3.4) | 3.2 (2.2 to 4.5) | 6.3 (3.5 to 10.6) |
| 70–74 | 3.4 (3.2 to 3.7) | 3.9 (3.1 to 4.8) | 6.3 (4.4 to 8.9) |
| 75–79 | 4.1 (3.7 to 4.5) | 4.6 (3.8 to 5.5) | 5.6 (3.9 to 7.7) |
| ≥80 | 5.0 (4.4 to 5.6) | 5.3 (4.4 to 6.3) | 6.9 (5.2 to 9.0) |
| Race | |||
| White | 3.6 (3.4 to 3.8) | 4.6 (4.1 to 5.2) | 6.4 (5.3 to 7.7) |
| Black | 5.3 (4.6 to 6.1) | 5.0 (3.5 to 6.8) | 6.5 (3.1 to 12.0) |
| Hispanic | 3.6 (2.7 to 4.7) | 4.1 (2.3 to 6.9) | 4.4 (1.4 to 10.2) |
| Other or unknown | 2.4 (1.8 to 3.1) | 1.8 (0.9 to 3.2) | 6.2 (2.7 to 12.1) |
| Married | |||
| No | 3.8 (3.4 to 4.1) | 3.8 (3.1 to 4.6) | 5.8 (4.2 to 7.9) |
| Yes | 3.7 (3.5 to 3.9) | 4.7 (4.2 to 5.4) | 6.6 (5.3 to 8.0) |
| Prostate tumor grade* | |||
| Well differentiated | 4.3 (3.7 to 5.0) | 4.2 (2.6 to 6.4) | 4.0 (1.5 to 8.7) |
| Moderately differentiated | 3.6 (3.3 to 3.8) | 4.4 (3.8 to 5.0) | 7.4 (5.8 to 9.3) |
| Poorly differentiated or undifferentiated | 3.8 (3.3 to 4.3) | 4.4 (3.7 to 5.3) | 5.8 (4.3 to 7.7) |
| Prostate tumor clinical stage† | |||
| T1 | 3.4 (3.1 to 3.8) | 3.9 (3.0 to 4.9) | 3.7 (1.9 to 6.4) |
| T2 | 3.8 (3.5 to 4.0) | 4.4 (3.8 to 5.1) | 7.2 (5.6 to 9.2) |
| T3 | 4.3 (3.4 to 5.4) | 4.6 (2.8 to 7.0) | 6.3 (3.3 to 11.0) |
| T4 | 4.0 (2.7 to 5.7) | 3.6 (2.3 to 5.4) | 7.0 (4.9 to 9.9) |
| Zip code education,‡ % of adults with less than 12 y education | |||
| < 8.4 | 3.2 (2.8 to 3.5) | 4.2 (3.3 to 5.3) | 5.6 (3.6 to 8.3) |
| 8.4 to <13.3 | 3.6 (3.2 to 4.0) | 4.2 (3.3 to 5.2) | 6.0 (4.2 to 8.3) |
| 13.4 to 20.3 | 4.2 (3.8 to 4.6) | 4.7 (3.8 to 5.7) | 6.4 (4.4 to 8.9) |
| ≥20.4 | 4.3 (3.9 to 4.8) | 4.6 (3.8 to 5.7) | 7.1 (5.0 to 9.8) |
| Zip code median income‡ | |||
| <$37 500 | 4.3 (3.9 to 4.8) | 4.7 (3.9 to 5.7) | 6.4 (4.6 to 8.6) |
| $37 500 to <$47 500 | 3.8 (3.4 to 4.2) | 4.1 (3.2 to 5.1) | 7.0 (5.0 to 9.5) |
| $47 500 to <$62 000 | 3.8 (3.4 to 4.2) | 4.4 (3.5 to 5.5) | 4.7 (3.0 to 7.1) |
| ≥ $62 000 | 3.3 (3.0 to 3.7) | 4.4 (3.6 to 5.5) | 7.1 (4.8 to 10.2) |
| Comorbidity index | |||
| 0 | 3.7 (3.5 to 3.9) | 4.0 (3.6 to 4.6) | 6.5 (5.4 to 7.9) |
| 1 | 3.9 (3.4 to 4.4) | 5.3 (4.2 to 6.6) | 4.9 (2.9 to 7.8) |
| 2 | 3.7 (2.7 to 4.7) | 5.3 (3.5 to 7.7) | 6.0 (2.2 to 13.0) |
| ≥3 | 2.4 (1.4 to 3.8) | 5.8 (3.1 to 10.0) | 10.3 (3.3 to 24.0) |
| Diabetes mellitus in the period 24 mo before diagnosis | |||
| No | 3.6 (3.4 to 3.8) | 4.3 (3.8 to 4.8) | 6.4 (5.3 to 7.7) |
| Yes | 4.2 (3.7 to 4.8) | 4.9 (3.8 to 6.3) | 5.6 (3.1 to 9.2) |
| Obesity in the period 24 mo before diagnosis | |||
| No | 3.7 (1.7 to 3.9) | 4.4 (4.0 to 4.9) | 6.3 (5.3 to 7.5) |
| Yes | 2.6 (1.7 to 3.9) | 4.5 (2.0 to 8.5) | 7.2 (0.9 to25.9) |
| Number of primary care physician visits in the period 12–24 mo before diagnosis | |||
| 0 | 3.8 (3.5 to 4.1) | 5.0 (4.3 to 5.9) | 6.1 (4.7 to 7.9) |
| 1 | 3.6 (3.1 to 4.1) | 2.9 (1.9 to 4.1) | 5.6 (3.3 to 8.9) |
| 2 | 3.6 (3.1 to 4.2) | 4.4 (3.2 to 6.0) | 5.8 (3.1 to 9.9) |
| ≥3 | 3.7 (3.4 to 4.0) | 4.3 (3.6 to 5.1) | 7.2 (5.2 to 9.6) |
| Lower gastrointestinal endoscopy in the period 12–24 mo before diagnosis | |||
| No | 3.8 (3.6 to 4.0) | 4.5 (4.0 to 5.0) | 6.4 (5.3 to 7.6) |
| Yes | 2.5 (1.9 to 3.1) | 3.3 (1.9 to 5.4) | 4.9 (1.3 to 12.5) |
*
Results for 8189 cases with unknown prostate tumor grade not presented.
†
Results for 8102 cases with unknown prostate tumor stage not presented.
‡
Results for 4327 cases with missing zip code information not presented.