Figure 2.
High-speed images of the dynamic bubble-particle interaction, vortex flow field, and particle displacement produced by laser-generated single or tandem bubble: (a) a 10 μm particle at a 30 μm stand-off distance is negatively displaced by the oscillation of a single bubble, (b) dynamics of tandem bubble with directional formation of microjets (J1 and J2), and their interaction with a 10 μm particle at a 30 μm stand-off distance. The 10 μm particle is directionally accelerated and negatively displaced by the tandem bubble during the initial 11 μs, (c) the formation of two pairs of vortices produced by the tandem bubble over a time period of 150 μs, and (d) the positive displacement of a 10 μm particle by the interaction with the tandem bubble long after the bubble collapse. Laser foci and initial particle position are shown with solid horizontal lines.