Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of participants randomly selected from two communities. Figures are numbers (percentages) unless stated otherwise
| Intervention community | Control community | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| No of participants | 436 | 436 | |
| Men | 211 (48) | 188 (43) | |
| Age (years): | |||
| Mean (SD) | 60.15 (11.31) | 60.38 (11.53) | |
| <60 | 205 (47) | 192 (44) | |
| ≥60 | 231 (53) | 244 (56) | |
| Years of education: | |||
| <6 | 187 (43) | 205 (47) | |
| 6-9 | 106 (24) | 113 (26) | |
| ≥10 | 143 (33) | 118 (27) | |
| BMI: | |||
| Mean (SD) | 22.89 (3.45) | 22.77 (3.66) | |
| <18.5 | 40 (9) | 42 (10) | |
| ≥18.5 | 396 (91) | 394 (90) | |
| Mean (SD) FEV1 (l) | 2.03 (0.62) | 2.04 (0.63) | |
| Mean (SD) % predicted FEV1 | 88.72 (19.45) | 90.91 (20.69) | |
| Mean (SD) FVC (l) | 2.59 (0.72) | 2.56 (0.72) | |
| Mean (SD) % predicted FVC | 94.66 (18.59) | 96.20 (18.74) | |
| FEV1/FVC ratio (%)* | 78.27 (10.03) | 79.44 (9.88) | |
| Distribution of COPD and non-COPD†: | |||
| Healthy population | 106 (24) | 92 (21) | |
| High risk for COPD | 282 (65) | 291 (67) | |
| Stage I COPD | 9 (2) | 10 (2) | |
| Stage II COPD | 24 (6) | 24 (6) | |
| Stage III COPD or over | 15 (3) | 19 (4) | |
| Reversibility among COPD‡ | 5 (10) | 7 (13) | |
| Previous diagnosis of respiratory disorders | 76 (17) | 83 (19) | |
| Respiratory symptoms | 157 (36) | 153 (35) | |
| Occupational history of dusts/gases/fumes§ | 150 (34) | 249 (57) | |
| Respiratory infection during childhood | 15 (3) | 20 (5) | |
| Smoking status at baseline survey: | |||
| Never smoker | 241 (55) | 235 (54) | |
| Smoking cessation | 77 (18) | 63 (14) | |
| Current smoker | 118 (27) | 138 (32) | |
| Smoking amounts (pack years) | 13.04 (21.39) | 14.31 (21.80) | |
| Exposed to environmental tobacco smoke¶ | 302 (70) | 315 (73) | |
BMI=body mass index; FEV1=forced expiratory volume in one second; FVC=forced vital capacity; COPD=chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
*Lower in participants without COPD in intervention community than in control community (80.71 (7.95) v 82.47 (6.76), P=0.001).
†Post-bronchodilator data used in participants with COPD; bronchodilation not carried out those without COPD.
‡Reversibility of COPD defined as improvement in FEV1 from pre-bronchodilator ≥12% and ≥200 ml post-bronchodilator.
§Two communities had similar characteristics at baseline except for occupational history of dust/gases/fumes (P<0.001).
¶Data missing for 12 participants (seven in intervention community and five in control community).