Figure 5 Afferent and efferent pathways involved in cardiovascular control in patients with familial dysautonomia and patients with pure autonomic failure

Dotted line indicates site of abnormality. IX = glossopharyngeal neurons with cell bodies in the petrosal ganglia relaying information from the carotid baroreceptors; X = vagal neurons with cell bodies in the nodose ganglia relaying information from baroreceptors in the aortic arch; AVP = arginine vasopressin; DRG = dorsal root ganglia with cell bodies of primary sensory neurons; NE = norepinephrine; SG = sympathetic ganglia.