Table 1. Clinical characteristics of the study population.
| Total1 | Male2 | Female2 | P value3 | |
| N | 243 | 118 | 125 | NS |
| Age* | 61.0±11.5 | 60.9±11.2 | 61.2±11.9 | NS |
| Smoking | 68 (28.0) | 39 (33.1) | 29 (23.2) | NS |
| Diabetes | 30 (12.3) | 14 (11.9) | 16 (12.8) | NS |
| Hypertension | 96 (39.5) | 43 (36.4) | 53 (42.4) | NS |
| Prior myocardial infarction (MI) | 49 (20.2) | 31 (26.3) | 18 (14.4) | 0.002 |
| Prior revascularisation (revasc.) | 19 (12.8) | 14 (9.7) | 5 (2.9) | <0.001 |
| Known CAD (MI or revasc.) | 68 (28.0) | 45 (38.1) | 23 (18.4) | <0.001 |
| Medication: | ||||
| Beta-blockers | 121 (49.8) | 66 (55.9) | 55 (44.0) | NS |
| Calcium antagonists | 49 (20.2) | 24 (20.3) | 25 (20.0) | NS |
| ACE-inhibitors | 80 (32.9) | 43 (36.4) | 37 (29.6) | NS |
| Diuretics | 79 (32.5) | 35 (29.7) | 44 (35.2) | NS |
| Statins | 111 (45.7) | 67 (56.8) | 44 (35.2) | <0.001 |
| Paraclinic: | ||||
| Body Mass Index* | 27.7±4.9 | 28.3±4.3 | 27.2±5.4 | NS |
| Resting heart rate, bpm* | 74.0±12.9 | 72.1±12.5 | 75.8±13.1 | 0.02 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg* | 146±23 | 146±22 | 147±25 | NS |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg* | 87±13 | 88±13 | 86±13 | NS |
| Creatinine, µmol/l* | 83±21 | 93±18 | 75±19 | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/l* | 5.3±1.3 | 5.2±1.3 | 5.4±1.2 | NS |
| HDL, mmol/l* | 1.5±0.5 | 1.3±±0.4 | 1.7±0.6 | <0.001 |
| LDL, mmol/l* | 3.0±1.1 | 3.0±1.2 | 3.1±1.0 | NS |
| Stress type at MPI: | ||||
| Ergometer exercise | 132 (54.3) | 72 (61.0) | 60 (48.0) | NS |
| Dypyridamole | 105 (43.2) | 43 (36.4) | 63 (50.4) | <0.001 |
| Dobutamine stress | 6 (2.5) | 3 (2.5) | 3 (2.4) | NS |
| Heart dimensions, post stress: | ||||
| EF, % ** | 64 (57–70) | 59 (51–64) | 68 (64–74) | <0.001 |
| EF < lower normal limit*** | 19 (7.8) | 12 (10.2) | 7 (5.6) | <0.001 |
| ESV index < lower normal limit, ml/m2 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | NS |
| Results of MPI: | ||||
| Normal MPI | 199 (81.9) | 84 (71.2) | 115 (92.0) | <0.001 |
| Abnormal MPI | 44 (18.1) | 34 (28.8) | 10 (8.0) | <0.001 |
*
Mean (SD),
**
median (IQR), otherwise presented as N (%).
1
Percentage within the total population,
2
percentage within gender,
3
p value for comparison between genders.
Abbreviations: bpm, beats pr. minute; CAD, coronary artery disease; EF, ejection fraction; ESV index, end systolic volume index; MPI, myocardial perfusion imaging.