Table 2.

Summary of VBM results over cohorts (P_{Family-wise error} < 0.05 after small volume correction)

VBM analysis	Region	Left hemisphere coordinates (mm)			t-score	z-score	Right hemisphere coordinates (mm)			t-score	z-score
		x	y	z			x	y	z
T1-weighted grey matter
Tourette syndrome < controls	VLPFC	−53	35	−6	4.8	4.5	45	38	−12	4.9	4.5
	OFC						0	33	−26	5.3	4.8
	Operculum	−39	−3	7	4.4	4.1	58	−13	16	3.9	3.7
	rACC						7	44	1	3.7	3.6
Tourette syndrome > controls	Putamen	−27	−10	3	3.3	3.2	27	−3	9	4.5	4.2
Interaction Group × Age	rACC						5	45	0	4.8	4.4
tourette syndrome < controls
ADHD + <ADHD−	Hippocampus	−23	−33	0	4.6	4.3	24	−36	0	3.6	3.5
	IPC	−60	−46	25	4.4	4.11
Mean diffusivity grey matter
Tourette syndrome > controls	OFC						9	29	−24	3.9	3.7
Fractional anisotropy grey matter
Tourette syndrome > controls	SI	−17	−37	64	3.1	2.9	27	−45	54	5	4.5
Fractional anisotropy white matter
Tourette syndrome < controls	CC						3	21	−3	4.5	4.1
Mean diffusivity white matter
Tourette syndrome < controls	SI	−21	−30	70	3.4	3.2	10	−37	70	3.3	3.1

Coordinates [x, y, z] refer to the Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) standard stereotactic space.

rACC = rostral anterior cingulate cortex; CC = corpus callosum; IPC = inferior parietal cortex; OFC = orbitofrontal cortex; SI = primary somatosensory cortex; VLPFC = ventrolateral prefrontal cortex.