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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Dec 2.
Published in final edited form as: Cancer Res. 2006 Oct 15;66(20):9878–9885. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-4157

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Loss of E-cadherin-mediated cell adhesion results in increased cell migration and invasion. A, phase-contrast microscopic images of primary esophageal epithelial cells (keratinocytes) after retroviral transduction with full-length (wild-type) E-cadherin (Ecad) and cytoplasmic-deleted (dominant-negative) E-cadherin (Ecyto) reveal strong clustering in Ecad cells. B, there is strong adhesion in Ecad cells compared with parental and Ecyto cells based on cell aggregation assays. C, coimmunoprecipitation and Western blot assays with a FLAG antibody show disrupted interaction between E-cadherin and β-catenin/p120-catenin in Ecyto cells. D, cell migration (Boyden chamber) and invasion assays (Matrigel-coated Boyden chambers) reveal increased cell migration/invasion in Ecyto cells compared with Ecad cells. Gray column, Ecad cells; black column, Ecyto cells. *, P < 0.05 is statistically significant.