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. 2010 Dec 2;5(12):e14195. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014195

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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Public Domain declaration which stipulates that, once placed in the public domain, this work may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Public Domain declaration, which stipulates that, once placed in the public domain, this work may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose.

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(A, B) Bystander medium harvested from directly irradiated hESC 1 hr post-exposure; (C, D) bystander medium harvested from directly irradiated hESC 24 hr post-exposure. Bystander hESC were cultured in conditioned medium either for 6 hr (A, C) or for 24 hr (B, D). Stained in red - cleaved caspase 3 – positive apoptotic hESC; in blue – hESC nuclei (DAPI). Fraction of cleaved caspase 3 positive hESC in cell populations grown in bystander medium conditioned on IR-exposed cells for either 6 hrs (E) or 24 hrs (F), ratios relative to sham-exposed hESC. Legends show duration of incubation in bystander media. Scale bar in red equals 100 µm, 20× objective.