Fig. 2.

Ecosystem services presented using a radial graph with values relative to baseline monoculture maize. (A) Ecosystem services from MPTF (n = 991). Absolute values for 100% baseline: annual yield combining maize and legume grain (2,174 kg ha⁻¹), fertilizer efficiency (24.5 grain kg⁻¹ N kg⁻¹), annual cover duration (4 mo) and profitability, VCR (5.00). (B) Ecosystem services from Songani (n = 56). Absolute values for 100% baseline: annual yield combining maize and legume grain (2,015 kg ha⁻¹), fertilizer efficiency (23.7 grain kg⁻¹ N kg⁻¹), annual protein yield (201 kg ha⁻¹), annual cover duration (4 mo), and profitability VCR (4.67). (C) Ecosystem services from Ekwendeni (n = 60). Absolute values for 100% baseline: annual yield combining maize and legume grain (1,611 kg ha⁻¹), fertilizer efficiency (31.3 grain kg⁻¹ N kg⁻¹), annual cover duration (4 mo), and profitability VCR (3.22).