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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Oct 21.
Published in final edited form as: J Phys Chem C Nanomater Interfaces. 2010 Oct 21;114(48):20719–20733. doi: 10.1021/jp106760t

Table 1.

Computational Scale Biological Scale Ratio
Time 10−16 sec
Vibrations of Bonds 		10−5 sec
Action Potential 		1011
Space 10−11 m
Side Chains of Protein 		10−4 m
Large Cell		 107
Volume 1021
Spatial Resolution 109
Solute Concentration 10−11 to 2×101 M 1012

Scaling restrictions implied by the long range electric field are not clear because the accuracy of the Ewald sum treatment of periodic boundary conditions is not clear. See text.