Table 1.

Odds Ratios of Isolation of Common Bacteria from Health-Care Associated vs. Community-Acquired Intra-Abdominal Infections

Pathogen	Health-care associated N = 787 (%)	Community acquired N = 395 (%)	Odds ratio	95% CI
Gram-negative bacteria	337 (42.8)	165 (41.8)	1.03	0.82, 1.33
Escherichia coli	106 (13.5)	62 (15.7)	0.84	0.60, 1.17
Klebsiella pneumoniae	52 (6.6)	34 (8.6)	0.75	0.48, 1.18
K. oxytoca	7 (0.89)	9 (2.3)	0.38	0.14, 1.04
Enterobacter cloacae	42 (5.3)	6 (1.5)	3.66	1.54, 8.67
E. aerogenes	14 (1.8)	2 (0.51)	3.56	0.80, 15.73
Pseudomonas aeruginosa	32 (4.1)	12 (3.0)	1.35	0.69, 2.66
Citrobacter spp.	14 (1.8)	7 (1.8)	1.00	0.40, 2.51
Serratia spp.	15 (1.9)	1 (0.25)	7.66	1.01, 58.2
Proteus mirabilis	11 (1.4)	4 (1.0)	1.39	0.44, 4.38
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia	11 (1.4)	3 (0.76)	1.85	0.51, 6.68
Acinetobacter spp.	3 (0.38)	0	—	—
Gram-positive bacteria	413 (52.5)	179 (45.3)	1.33	1.05, 1.70
Staphylococcus aureus	69 (8.8)	29 (7.3)	1.21	0.77, 1.91
MRSA	45 (5.7)	10 (2.5)	2.33	1.16, 4.68
S. epidermidis/CNS	45 (5.7)	15 (3.8)	1.54	0.85, 2.79
All enterococci	229 (29.1)	39 (9.9)	3.75	2.60, 5.39
Enterococcus faecalis	109 (13.9)	29 (7.3)	2.03	1.32, 3.12
E. faecium	130 (16.5)	12 (3.0)	6.32	3.45, 11.56
VRE	71 (9.0)	5 (1.3)	7.73	3.10, 19.3
Streptococcus spp.	62 (7.9)	82 (20.8)	0.33	0.23, 0.47
Anaerobic bacteria	139 (17.7)	99 (25.1)	0.64	0.48, 0.86
Bacteroides fragilis	44 (5.6)	20 (5.1)	1.11	0.65, 1.91
Other Bacteroides	14 (1.8)	5 (1.3)	1.41	0.51, 3.95
Prevotella spp.	6 (0.76)	2 (0.51)	1.51	0.30, 7.51
Unspeciated	80 (10.2)	73 (18.5)	0.50	0.35, 0.70
Fungi	262 (33.3)	68 (17.2)	2.40	1.78, 3.24
All Candida	209 (26.6)	54 (13.7)	2.28	1.65, 3.17
C. albicans	141 (17.9)	42 (10.6)	1.83	1.27, 2.65
C. glabrata	60 (7.6)	11 (2.8)	2.88	1.50, 5.54
Other Candida spp.	32 (4.1)	6 (1.5)	2.75	1.14, 6.63
Unspeciated yeast	52 (6.6)	13 (3.3)	2.08	0.29, 3.87

MRSA = methicillin-resistant S. aureus; CNS = coagulase-negative staphylococci; VRE = vancomycin-resistant enterococci (all were E. faecium).