Table 2.

Odds Ratios of Isolation of Common Bacteria from Health-Care Associated vs. Community-Acquired Intra-Abdominal Infections, Excluding Patients with Solid Organ Allografts

Pathogen	Health-care associated N = 619 (%)	Community acquired N = 351 (%)	Odds ratio	95% Cl
Gram-negative bacteria	260 (42.0)	142 (40.5)	1.07	0.82, 1.39
Escherichia coli	84 (13.6)	62 (17.7)	0.73	0.51, 1.05
Klebsiella pneumoniae	42 (6.8)	31 (8.8)	0.75	0.46, 1.22
K. oxytoca	7 (1.1)	9 (3.1)	0.43	0.16, 1.18
Enterobacter cloacae	27 (4.4)	4 (1.1)	3.96	1.37, 11.40
E. aerogenes	12 (1.9)	2 (0.57)	6.82	1.51, 30.71
Pseudomonas aeruginosa	32 (5.2)	7 (2.0)	2.68	1.17, 6.14
Citrobacter spp.	10 (1.6)	7 (2.0)	0.81	0.31, 2.15
Serratia spp.	7 (1.1)	0	—	—
Proteus mirabilis	11 (1.8)	4 (1.1)	1.57	0.50, 4.97
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia	10 (1.6)	2 (0.57)	2.87	0.62, 13.15
Acinetobacter spp.	3 (0.48)	0	—	—
Gram-positive bacteria	322 (52.0)	165 (47.0)	1.11	0.85, 1.44
Staphylococcus aureus	57 (9.2)	29 (8.3)	0.88	0.56, 1.42
MRSA	38 (6.1)	9 (2.6)	2.53	1.21, 5.29
S. epidermidis/CNS	36 (5.8)	13 (3.7)	1.63	0.85, 3.12
All enterococci	168 (27.1)	30 (8.5)	4.00	2.63, 6.03
Enterococcus faecalis	91 (14.7)	23 (6.5)	2.46	1.52, 3.96
E. faecium	73 (11.8)	5 (1.4)	9.25	3.70, 23.12
VRE	36 (5.8)	4 (1.1)	5.36	1.89, 15.18
Streptococcus spp.	46 (7.4)	77 (21.9)	0.30	0.20, 0.44
Anaerobic bacteria	135 (21.8)	94 (26.8)	0.63	0.47, 0.85
Bacteroides fragilis	43 (6.9)	20 (5.7)	1.23	0.73, 2.19
other Bacteroides	14 (2.3)	4 (1.1)	2.01	0.66, 6.15
Prevotella spp.	6 (1.0)	2 (0.57)	1.71	0.34, 8.51
Unspeciated	72 (11.6)	68 (19.4)	0.55	0.38, 0.79
Fungi	226 (36.5)	63 (17.9)	2.63	1.91, 3.61
All Candida	184 (29.7)	52 (14.8)	2.43	1.73, 3.42
C. albicans	114 (18.4)	38 (10.8)	1.86	1.25, 2.76
C. glabrata	45 (7.3)	9 (2.6)	2.98	1.44, 6.17
other Candida spp.	25 (4.0)	5 (1.4)	2.91	1.10, 7.68
Unspeciated yeast	42 (6.8)	11 (3.1)	2.29	1.16, 4.51

MRSA = methicillin-resistant S. aureus; CNS = coagulase-negative staphylococci; VRE = vancomycin-resistant enterococci (all were E. faecium).