Table 5.
Patient Characteristics and Outcomes, Resistant vs. Non-Resistant Pathogens, for Community-Acquired Infections
| Resistant pathogens1(N = 105) | Non-resistant pathogens (N = 290) | Odds ratio | 95% CI or p value2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Male (%) | 58 (55.2) | 150 (51.7) | 1.15 | 0.55, 1.36 |
| Age | 52.7 ± 1.6 | 53.5 ± 0.99 | 0.65 | |
| APACHE II score3 | 12.8 ± 0.64 | 10.8 ± 0.40 | 0.0090 | |
| Maximum temperature, °C | 37.8 ± 0.10 | 37.6 ± 0.08 | 0.89 | |
| Maximum white blood cell count (1,000/mm3) | 15.2 ± 0.94 | 15.3 ± 0.50 | 0.91 | |
| Medical conditions (%) | ||||
| Current corticosteroid use | 28 (26.7) | 39 (13.5) | 2.34 | 1.35, 4.05 |
| Solid organ transplant | 18 (17.2) | 26 (9.0) | 2.10 | 1.10, 4.02 |
| Liver | 14 (13.3) | 20 (6.9) | 2.07 | 1.01, 4.28 |
| Kidney | 2 (1.9) | 6 (2.1) | 0.92 | 0.18, 4.63 |
| Kidney/pancreas | 1 (0.95) | 3 (1.03) | 0.92 | 0.095, 8.94 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 20 (19.5) | 63 (21.7) | 0.85 | 0.48, 1.49 |
| Cardiac disease | 20 (19.5) | 44 (15.2) | 1.32 | 0.73, 2.36 |
| Malignant disease | 12 (11.4) | 37 (12.8) | 0.88 | 0.44, 1.76 |
| Baseline pulmonary disease | 21 (20.0) | 27 (9.3) | 2.44 | 1.31, 4.53 |
| Liver disease | 8 (7.6) | 19 (6.6) | 1.18 | 0.50, 2.78 |
| Dialysis dependence | 4 (3.8) | 5 (1.7) | 2.26 | 0.59, 8.57 |
| Crohn's disease/UC | 8 (7.6) | 18 (6.2) | 1.24 | 0.53, 2.96 |
| Source of infection | ||||
| Stomach | 10 (9.5) | 10 (3.5) | 2.94 | 1.12, 7.30 |
| Duodenum | 11 (10.5) | 7 (2.5) | 4.73 | 1.79, 12.55 |
| Pancreas | 8 (7.6) | 10 (3.5) | 2.31 | 0.89, 6.02 |
| Liver/biliary | 23 (21.9) | 71 (24.5) | 0.87 | 0.51, 1.48 |
| Small bowel | 18 (17.1) | 32 (11.0) | 1.67 | 0.89, 3.12 |
| Appendix | 4 (3.8) | 46 (15.9) | 0.21 | 0.074, 0.60 |
| Colorectal | 26 (24.8) | 93 (32.1) | 0.70 | 0.42, 1.16 |
| Other/unknown | 5 (4.8) | 21 (7.2) | 0.64 | 0.24, 1.74 |
| Outcomes | ||||
| Duration of antibiotic therapy | 15.1 ± 1.2 | 12.9 ± 0.80 | 0.15 | |
| Length of stay (days)4 | 16.2 ± 1.9 | 10.8 ± 0.78 | 0.011 | |
| In-hospital death (%) | 7 (6.7) | 18 (6.2) | 1.08 | 0.44, 2.67 |
1
Includes P. aeruginosa, S. maltophilia, Acinetobacter spp., methicillin-resistant S. aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, or any fungi.
2
Resistant pathogens/non-resistant pathogens; odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals for categorical variables; p value by Student t-test for continuous variables.
3
At time of diagnosis of intra-abdominal infection.
4
From initiation of treatment for intra-abdominal infection.
APACHE = Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; UC = ulcerative colitis.