Fig. 5.

HARA-B-derived factors which stimulate astrocytes and their effects on expression of mRNA of inflammatory cytokines in astrocytes. a Cytokine expression in HARA-B cells culture medium using the proteome profiler. The cytokine expression in medium (10% FBS DMEM) as negative control (upper panel) and in HARA-B conditioned medium (lower panel), showing the expression of IL-1ra, IL-2, IL-8, MIF, and SERPINE1 (PAI-1). b–d Expression of mRNA of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) in astrocytes treated with each recombinant cytokines (IL-8, MIF, PAI-1). Quantitative RT–PCR of TNF-α (b), IL-1β (c), and IL-6 (d) in astrocytes treated with each cytokine released from HARA-B cells IL-8, MIF, and PAI-1. The expression level of each cytokine was normalized to the level of each cytokine in non-treated astrocytes. The relative values of each cytokine mRNA in astrocyte treated with each cytokine for 72 h are shown. Each value represents the mean ± SEM (n = 3). Data of PAI-1-treatment was not shown in TNF-α mRNA