Table 1.
Sociodemographic and Medical Characteristics of the Study Subjects
| HF patients | controls | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| BDI score | 11.5 ± .85 (0–34) | 5.4 ± .88 (0–44) | .002 |
| Age [years] | 59.5 ± 1.3 (30–83) | 52.2 ± 1.3 (34–84) | .001 |
| Men | 80.8 % | 47.6 % | <.001 |
| Body mass index [kg/m2] | 31.7 ± .85 (19.4–59.0) | 28.3 ± .79 (18.5–54.5) | .033 |
| Mean arterial blood pressure [mmHg] | 92.6 ± 2.2 (59.0–141.9) | 98.7 ± 1.5 (77.4–123.7) | .038 |
| Current smokers | 16.1 % | 10.6 % | .32 |
| HF severity | |||
| 6-minute walk test [meter] | 339.2 ± 10.2 (100–624) | 493. ± 13.7 (198–975) | <.001 |
| Ejection fraction [%] | 32.0 ± 1.1 (10–70) | Not measured | |
| NYHA classification II | 85.5 % | 0 % | <.001 |
| NYHA classification III | 12.7 % | 0 % | <.001 |
| Medication | |||
| ACE-blocking agents | 73 % | 0 % | <.001 |
| Beta blockers | 96.2 % | 0 % | <.001 |
| CCB | 12.1 % | 0 % | <.001 |
| Statin | 64.3 % | 0 % | <.001 |
| Aspirin | 63.3 % | 5.7 % | < .001 |
| Diuretics | 88 % | 0 % | <.001 |
| Anti-arrhythmics | 13.8 % | 0 % | <.001 |
| Digoxin | 52.5 % | 0 % | <.001 |
Data are presented as mean ± standard error of means (range) or percentage value, BDI: Beck Depression Inventory, CCB: Calcium channel blockers. Mean arterial pressure was calculated from resting BP readings (1/3 systolic BP + 2/3 diastolic BP) and body mass index (BMI) was calculated by the formula: weight in kg / (height in m)2.