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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Mol Psychiatry. 2010 Feb 9;15(9):883–895. doi: 10.1038/mp.2010.3

Table 4.

Genes and behavioral patterns

Genes Mutant stains Open field test Immobility tests Anxiety-like/risk-taking tests
CLOCK mCLOCK Hyperactive Less immobile More risk-taking-like
GRIK2 (also known as GluR6) GluR6−/− Hyperactive Less immobile More risk-taking-like
MAP3 (also known as ERK1) ERK1−/− Hyperactive Less immobile More risk-taking-like
GRIN2D (also known as NMDAR2D or GluRe4) GluRe4−/− Hypoactive Less immobile More risk-taking-like
OPRM1 mu-opioid receptor KO No change Less immobile More risk-taking-like
OPRD1 Oprd−/− Hyperactive More immobile More anxious-like
GABBR1 GABAB(1)−/− Bell-shaped activity display Less immobile More anxious-like
GABBR2 GABAB(2)−/− No data Less immobile More anxious-like

Abbreviations: GABBR1, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) B receptor, 1; GABBR2, GABA B receptor, 2; GRIK2, glutamate receptor, ionotropic, kainate 2; GRIN2D glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl D-aspartate 2D; MAP3, mitogen-activated protein kinase 3; OPRD1, opioid receptor, δ-1; OPRM1, opioid receptor, μ-1.